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Die rheumatoide Arthritis (RA) ist eine chronisch entzündliche Systemerkrankung mit im Vordergrund stehender gelenkdestruierender Synovitis. Immer wieder ist davon die Rede, dass sie mit der Zeit „ausbrennt“. Gemeint ist die Annahme, dass die Entzündung nach langem, meist schwerem Verlauf spontan nachlässt und auch ohne Therapie inaktiv bleibt. Dafür haben wir die Evidenz in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur analysiert. In historischen Langzeitkohorten mit Patienten, die keine antirheumatische Medikation erhalten haben, und ebenso mit Patienten unter konventioneller DMARD(„disease-modifying antirheumatic drug“)-Therapie, zeigt sich dabei, dass die Mehrheit der Patienten entzündlich aktiv bleibt und eine anhaltende radiologische Progression aufweist. Allenfalls Übergänge in mildere Verläufe oder aber Inaktivität nach besonders gutem Therapieansprechen sind beschrieben, nicht aber das Sistieren der Entzündung nach langjährigem aggressivem Verlauf. Der Verzicht auf eine DMARD-Therapie in dieser Situation birgt die Gefahr einer unterschwellig fortschreitenden Gelenkzerstörung, des Auftretens extraartikulärer Manifestationen und einer Erhöhung des kardiovaskulären Risikos. In der modernen RA-Therapie nach dem Treat-to-target-Prinzip mit dem Ziel einer Remissionsinduktion, Remissionserhaltung und Besserung der Langzeitprognose sollte der Begriff des „Ausbrennens“ nicht mehr verwendet werden.
Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie – Springer Journals
Published: Apr 30, 2018
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