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M. Fagard, H. Höfte, S. Vernhettes (2000)
Cell wall mutantsPlant Physiology and Biochemistry, 38
E. Shedletzky, M. Shmuel, T. Trainin, S. Kalman, D. Delmer (1992)
Cell Wall Structure in Cells Adapted to Growth on the Cellulose-Synthesis Inhibitor 2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile : A Comparison between Two Dicotyledonous Plants and a Graminaceous Monocot.Plant physiology, 100 1
S. Whitney, M. Gidley, S. McQueen-Mason (2000)
Probing expansin action using cellulose/hemicellulose composites.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology, 22 4
A. Fleming, S. McQueen-Mason, Therese Mandel, C. Kuhlemeier (1997)
Induction of Leaf Primordia by the Cell Wall Protein ExpansinScience, 276
A. Fleming, D. Caderas, E. Wehrli, S. McQueen-Mason, C. Kuhlemeier (1999)
Analysis of expansin-induced morphogenesis on the apical meristem of tomatoPlanta, 208
S. McQueen-Mason (1995)
Expansins and cell wall expansionJournal of Experimental Botany, 46
D. Fisher, Richard Cyr (1998)
Extending the Microtubule/Microfibril paradigm. Cellulose synthesis is required for normal cortical microtubule alignment in elongating cellsPlant physiology, 116 3
M. Bradford (1976)
A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding.Analytical biochemistry, 72
D. Cosgrove (2004)
Characterization of long-term extension of isolated cell walls from growing cucumber hypocotylsPlanta, 177
M. Hauser, A. Morikami, P. Benfey (1995)
Conditional root expansion mutants of Arabidopsis.Development, 121 4
D. Cosgrove (1993)
Water Uptake by Growing Cells: An Assessment of the Controlling Roles of Wall Relaxation, Solute Uptake, and Hydraulic ConductanceInternational Journal of Plant Sciences, 154
D. Brummell, M. Harpster, P. Civello, J. Palys, A. Bennett, P. Dunsmuir (1999)
Modification of Expansin Protein Abundance in Tomato Fruit Alters Softening and Cell Wall Polymer Metabolism during RipeningPlant Cell, 11
D. Cosgrove (2000)
Expansive growth of plant cell walls.Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB, 38 1-2
S. McQueen-Mason, Daniel Durachko, D. Cosgrove (1992)
Two endogenous proteins that induce cell wall extension in plants.The Plant cell, 4
E. Shedletzky, M. Shmuel, T. Trainin, S. Kalman, D. Delmer (1992)
Cell wall structure in cells adapted to growth on the cellulose-synthesis inhibitor 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrilePlant Physiol., 100
S. McQueen-Mason, D. Cosgrove (1994)
Disruption of hydrogen bonding between plant cell wall polymers by proteins that induce wall extension.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 91 14
B. Link, D. Cosgrove (1998)
Acid-growth response and alpha-expansins in suspension cultures of bright yellow 2 tobacco.Plant physiology, 118 3
R. Moore, Douglas Flecker, D. Cosgrove (1995)
Expansin action on cells with tip growth and diffuse growth
D.J. Cosgrove (1999)
Expansins and other agents that enhance cell wall extensibilityAnnu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol., 50
S. McQueen-Mason, F. Rochange (1999)
Expansins in Plant Growth and Development: an Update on an Emerging TopicPlant Biology, 1
N. Iraki, R. Bressan, N. Carpita (1989)
Extracellular polysaccharides and proteins of tobacco cell cultures and changes in composition associated with growth-limiting adaptation to water and saline stress.Plant physiology, 91 1
W. Vriezen, B. Graaf, C. Mariani, L. Voesenek (2000)
Submergence induces expansin gene expression in flooding-tolerant Rumex palustris and not in flooding-intolerant R. acetosaPlanta, 210
Hyung-Taeg Cho, H. Kende (1997)
Expression of expansin genes is correlated with growth in deepwater rice.The Plant cell, 9
S. Rochange, S. McQueen-Mason (2000)
Expression of a heterologous expansin in transgenic tomato plantsPlanta, 211
Expansins are cell wall proteins characterised by their ability to stimulate wall loosening during cell expansion. The expression of some expansin isoforms is clearly correlated with growth and the external application of expansins can stimulate cell expansion in vivo in several systems. We report here the expression of a heterologous expansin coding sequence in transgenic tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) under the control of a constitutive promoter. In some transgenic lines with high levels of expansin activity extractable from cell walls, we observed alterations of growth: mature plants were stunted, with shorter leaves and internodes, and dark-grown seedlings had shorter and wider hypocotyls than their wild-type counterparts. Examination of hypocotyl sections revealed similar differences at the cellular level: cortical and epidermal cells were shorter and wider than those from wild-type seedlings. The observed stimulation of radial expansion did not compensate for the decreased elongation, and overall growth was reduced in the transgenics. As this observation can seem paradoxical given the known effect of expansins on isolated cell walls, we examined the mechanical behaviour of transgenic tissue. We measured a decrease in hypocotyl elongation in response to acidic pH in the transformants. This result may account for the alterations in cell expansion, and could itself be explained by a reduced susceptibility of transgenic cell walls to expansin action.
Plant Molecular Biology – Springer Journals
Published: Oct 3, 2004
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