Get 20M+ Full-Text Papers For Less Than $1.50/day. Start a 14-Day Trial for You or Your Team.

Learn More →

HIV serology signal-to-cutoff ratio as a rapid method to predict confirmation of HIV infection

HIV serology signal-to-cutoff ratio as a rapid method to predict confirmation of HIV infection Early and rapid detection of patients with HIV is a key to preventing further transmission. The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of signal-to-cutoff (S/CO) ratio from initial screening fourth-generation HIV serology to predict subsequent confirmation of HIV. Patients with a first-time positive HIV serology (S/CO ratio ≥ 1) from 2012 to 2016 were included. Ratios were compared to the results of confirmatory testing. Predictive probabilities (PPs) of a positive confirmatory result were calculated based on a logistic regression model. A total of 45,138 HIV serology tests were performed; 250 patients met inclusion criteria, comprising 84 (34%) HIV negative patients, 136 (54%) chronic infections, and 30 (12%) acute infections. The PP of a confirmed positive result increased with higher S/CO ratios, with a PP of 100% for a S/CO of 55 (95% CI 95–100). This study enables a more informed discussion of the probability of HIV infection, based on HIV serology S/CO thresholds, prior to a confirmatory result. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png European Journal of Clinical Microbiology Infectious Diseases Springer Journals

HIV serology signal-to-cutoff ratio as a rapid method to predict confirmation of HIV infection

Download PDF
5 pages

Loading next page...
 
/lp/springer_journal/hiv-serology-signal-to-cutoff-ratio-as-a-rapid-method-to-predict-Vc2CnByjlc
Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © 2018 by Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
Subject
Biomedicine; Medical Microbiology; Internal Medicine
ISSN
0934-9723
eISSN
1435-4373
DOI
10.1007/s10096-018-3290-y
pmid
29862422
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Early and rapid detection of patients with HIV is a key to preventing further transmission. The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of signal-to-cutoff (S/CO) ratio from initial screening fourth-generation HIV serology to predict subsequent confirmation of HIV. Patients with a first-time positive HIV serology (S/CO ratio ≥ 1) from 2012 to 2016 were included. Ratios were compared to the results of confirmatory testing. Predictive probabilities (PPs) of a positive confirmatory result were calculated based on a logistic regression model. A total of 45,138 HIV serology tests were performed; 250 patients met inclusion criteria, comprising 84 (34%) HIV negative patients, 136 (54%) chronic infections, and 30 (12%) acute infections. The PP of a confirmed positive result increased with higher S/CO ratios, with a PP of 100% for a S/CO of 55 (95% CI 95–100). This study enables a more informed discussion of the probability of HIV infection, based on HIV serology S/CO thresholds, prior to a confirmatory result.

Journal

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology Infectious Diseases – Springer Journals

Published: Jun 3, 2018

References

  • Seek and treat to optimize HIV and AIDS prevention
    Gustafson, R; Montaner, J; Sibbald, B
  • HIV-1 transmission, by stage of infection
    Hollingsworth, TD; Anderson, RM; Fraser, C
  • A signal-to-cutoff ratio in the Abbott architect HIV Ag/Ab Combo assay that predicts subsequent confirmation of HIV-1 infection in a low-prevalence setting
    Jensen, TO; Robertson, P; Whybin, R; Chambers, I; Lahra, M; Rawlinson, W
  • Performance of an alternative HIV diagnostic algorithm using the ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab Combo assay and potential utility of sample-to-cutoff ratio to discriminate primary from established infection
    Ramos, EM; Harb, S; Dragavon, J; Swenson, P; Stekler, JD; Coombs, RW
  • The significance of repeat testing in Turkish blood donors screened with HBV, HCV and HIV immunoassays and the importance of S/CO ratios in the interpretation of HCV/HIV screening test results and as a determinant for further confirmatory testing
    Acar, A; Kemahli, S; Altunay, H; Kosan, E; Oncul, O; Gorenek, L
  • Evaluation of the performance of the Abbott ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab Combo Assay
    Chavez, P; Wesolowski, L; Patel, P; Delaney, K; Owen, SM
  • False-positive rate of a “fourth-generation” HIV antigen/antibody combination assay in an area of low HIV prevalence
    Kim, S; Lee, JH; Choi, JY; Kim, JM; Kim, HS
  • Relevance of cutoff on a 4th generation ELISA performance in the false positive rate during HIV diagnostic in a low HIV prevalence setting
    Chacon, L; Mateos, ML; Holguin, A
  • When good news is bad news: psychological impact of false positive diagnosis of HIV
    Bhattacharya, R; Barton, S; Catalan, J
  • HIV/AIDS in Vancouver, British Columbia: a growing epidemic
    McInnes, CW; Druyts, E; Harvard, SS; Gilbert, M; Tyndall, MW; Lima, VD