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T. F. Cash (1994)
The Situational Inventory of Body-Image Dysphoria: Contextual assessment of a negative body imageThe Behavior Therapist, 17
T. Cash, E. Deagle (1997)
The nature and extent of body-image disturbances in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: a meta-analysis.The International journal of eating disorders, 22 2
D. M. Buss (1987)
Sociobiology and psychology: Ideas, issues, and applications
T. F. Cash, J. R. Grant (1997)
Sourcebook of psychological treatment manuals for adult disorders
S. Rose, I. Frieze (1989)
YOUNG SINGLES' SCRIPTS FOR A FIRST DATEGender & Society, 3
Jane Smith, V. Waldorf, David Trembath (1990)
“Single white male looking for thin, very attractive...”Sex Roles, 23
R. Ashmore, Andrea Sewell (1998)
Sex, gender, and the individual.
L. Heinberg, J. Thompson, S. Stormer (1995)
Development and validation of the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire.The International journal of eating disorders, 17 1
E. Rothblum (1994)
"I'll die for the revolution but don't ask me not to diet": Feminism and the continuing stigmatization of obesity.
Marsha Mirkin (1994)
Women in context : toward a feminist reconstruction of psychotherapy
N. Downing, K. Roush (1984)
From passive acceptance to active commitment: A model of feminist identity development for womenThe Counseling Psychologist, 13
T. F. Cash (1997)
The Body Image Workbook
T. F. Cash, K. L. Hicks (1990)
Being fat versus thinking fat: Relationships with body image, eating behaviors, and well-beingCognitive Therapy and Research, 14
S. Gilbert, J. Thompson (1996)
Feminist Explanations of the Development of Eating Disorders: Common Themes, Research Findings, and Methodological IssuesClinical Psychology-science and Practice, 3
N. Downing, Kristin Roush (1985)
From Passive Acceptance to Active CommitmentThe Counseling Psychologist, 13
M. Dionne, C. Davis, J. Fox, M. Gurevich (1995)
Feminist ideology as a predictor of body dissatisfaction in womenSex Roles, 33
R. Snyder, Lynn Hasbrouck (1996)
Feminist Identity, Gender Traits, and Symptoms of Disturbed Eating Among College WomenPsychology of Women Quarterly, 20
R. Ashmore, F. Boca, S. Bilder (1995)
Construction and validation of the Gender Attitude Inventory, a structured inventory to assess multiple dimensions of gender attitudesSex Roles, 32
L. Heinberg, J. Thompson (1992)
Social comparison: Gender, target importance ratings, and relation to body image disturbanceJournal of Social Behavior and Personality, 7
Naomi Wolf (1990)
The Beauty Myth: How Images of Beauty Are Used Against Women
L. Irving (1990)
Mirror Images: Effects of the Standard of Beauty on the Self- and Body-Esteem of Women Exhibiting Varying Levels of Bulimic SymptomsJournal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 9
T. F. Cash (1994)
Users’ manual for the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire
Tamar Kelson, A. Kearney-Cooke, L. Lansky (1990)
Body-Image and Body-Beautification among Female College StudentsPerceptual and Motor Skills, 71
L. Jackson, L. Sullivan, Janet Hymes (1987)
Gender, Gender Role, and Physical AppearanceThe Journal of Psychology, 121
T. Cash (1994)
Body-Image Attitudes: Evaluation, Investment, and AffectPerceptual and Motor Skills, 78
P. Rozin, A. Fallon (1988)
Body image, attitudes to weight, and misperceptions of figure preferences of the opposite sex: a comparison of men and women in two generations.Journal of abnormal psychology, 97 3
T. Cash (1990)
The psychology of physical appearance: Aesthetics, attributes, and images.
T. Cash, M. Szymanski (1995)
The development and validation of the Body-Image Ideals Questionnaire.Journal of personality assessment, 64 3
J. Rosen (1990)
Body-image disturbances in eating disorders.
T. Brown, T. Cash, P. Mikulka (1990)
Attitudinal body-image assessment: factor analysis of the Body-Self Relations Questionnaire.Journal of personality assessment, 55 1-2
D. M. Garner (1997)
The 1997 body image survey resultsPsychology Today, 30
Jennifer Muth, T. Cash (1997)
Body‐Image Attitudes: What Difference Does Gender Make?Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 27
T. F. Cash (1997)
Body image, eating disorders, and obesity: A practical guide for assessment and treatment
(1997)
Body image, eating disorders, and obesity: An integrative guide for assessment and treatment
Patricia Fallon, M. Katzman, S. Wooley (1994)
Feminist perspectives on eating disorders
S. Fisher (1986)
Development and structure of the body image
T. Cash, N. Duncan (1984)
Physical Attractiveness Stereotyping Among Black American College StudentsJournal of Social Psychology, 122
J. Rodin, L. Silberstein, R. Striegel-Moore (1985)
Women and weight: a normative discontent.Nebraska Symposium on Motivation. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 32
K. Deaux, Laurie Lewis (1984)
Structure of gender stereotypes: Interrelationships among components and gender label.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46
E. Berscheid, E. Walster, G. Bohrnstedt (1973)
The happy American body: A survey reportPsychology Today, 7
J. T. Spence, L. L. Sawin (1985)
Women, gender, and social psychology
T. Cash, P. Henry (1995)
Women's body images: The results of a national survey in the U.S.A.Sex Roles, 33
S. Brownmiller (1984)
Femininity
C. Timko, R. Striegel-Moore, L. Silberstein, J. Rodin (1987)
Feminity/masculinity and disordered eating in women: How are they related?International Journal of Eating Disorders, 6
Jill Grant, T. Cash (1995)
Cognitive-behavioral body image therapy: Comparative efficacy of group and modest-contact treatmentsBehavior Therapy, 26
T. Cash, Diane Cash, J. Butters (1983)
Mirror, Mirror, on the Wall...?Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 9
T. Cash, T. Brown (1989)
Gender and body images: Stereotypes and realitiesSex Roles, 21
M. Tiggemann, E. Rothblum (1988)
Gender differences in social consequences of perceived overweight in the United States and AustraliaSex Roles, 18
K. Rickard (1989)
The relationship of self-monitored dating behaviors to level of feminist identity on the feminist identity scaleSex Roles, 20
R. Ashmore, F. Boca (1988)
The Social psychology of female-male relations : a critical analysis of central conceptsContemporary Sociology, 17
T. F. Cash (1995)
What do you see when you look in the mirror?: Helping yourself to a positive body image
T. F. Cash, A. S. Labarge (1997)
Development of the Appearance Schemas Inventory: A new cognitive body-image assessmentCognitive Therapy and Research, 20
T. J. Strauman, A. M. Glenberg (1994)
Self-concept and body-image disturbance: Which self-beliefs predict body size overestimation?Cognitive Therapy and Research, 18
B. Gillen (1981)
Physical AttractivenessPersonality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 7
P. Pliner, S. Chaiken, G. Flett (1990)
Gender Differences in Concern with Body Weight and Physical Appearance Over the Life SpanPersonality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 16
L. Silberstein, R. Striegel-Moore, C. Timko, J. Rodin (1988)
Behavioral and psychological implications of body dissatisfaction: Do men and women differ?Sex Roles, 19
L. Jackson, L. Sullivan, Ronald Rostker (1988)
Gender, gender role, and body imageSex Roles, 19
S. Franzoi, Jennifer Kessenich, Patrick Sugrue (1989)
Gender differences in the experience of body awareness: An experiential sampling studySex Roles, 21
Lora Jacobi, T. Cash (1994)
In Pursuit of the Perfect Appearance: Discrepancies Among Self‐Ideal Percepts of Multiple Physical Attributes 1Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 24
T. F. Cash, D. W. Cash, J. W. Butters (1983)
“Mirror, mirror, on the wall …?” Contrast effects and self-evaluations of physical attractivenessPersonality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 9
T. Cash, Jill Grant (1996)
Cognitive—Behavioral Treatment of Body-Image Disturbances
T. Cash, T. Pruzinsky (1992)
Body images: Development, deviance, and change.Annals of Plastic Surgery, 29
A. E. Fallon, P. Rozin (1985)
Sex differences in perceptions of body shapeJournal of Abnormal Psychology, 94
T. F. Cash, L. Jacobi (1992)
Looks aren’t everything (to everybody): The strength of ideals of physical appearanceJournal of Social Behavior and Personality, 7
L. Sullivan, Richard Harnish (1990)
Body image: Differences between high and low Self-Monitoring males and femalesJournal of Research in Personality, 24
H. B. Gillen (1981)
Physical attractiveness: A determinant of two types of goodnessPersonality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 7
M. Szymanski, T. Cash (1995)
Body-image disturbances and self-discrepancy theory: expansion of the Body-Image Ideals QuestionnaireJournal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 14
L. Jackson (1992)
Physical Appearance and Gender: Sociobiological and Sociocultural Perspectives
A. Feingold (1990)
Gender differences in effects of physical attractiveness on romantic attraction: A comparison across five research paradigms.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59
S. Sprecher (1989)
The importance to males and females of physical attractiveness, earning potential, and expressiveness in initial attractionSex Roles, 21
T. F. Cash, B. A. Winstead, L. H. Janda (1986)
The great American shape-up: Body image survey reportPsychology Today, 20
J. Rodin, L. R. Silberstein, R. H. Striegel-Moore (1985)
Nebraska symposium on motivation: Psychology and gender
S. Franzoi (1995)
The body-as-object versus the body-as-process: Gender differences and gender considerationsSex Roles, 33
R. D. Ashmore (1990)
Handbook of personality: Theory and research
L. Heinberg, J. Thompson (1995)
Body Image and Televised Images of Thinness and Attractiveness: A Controlled Laboratory InvestigationJournal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 14
A. Fallon, P. Rozin (1985)
Sex differences in perceptions of desirable body shape.Journal of abnormal psychology, 94 1
Adena Bargad, J. Hyde (1991)
Women's Studies: A Study of Feminist Identity Development in WomenPsychology of Women Quarterly, 15
Laurie Mintz, N. Betz (1986)
Sex differences in the nature, realism, and correlates of body imageSex Roles, 15
S. Vodanovich, Steven Kass (1990)
A Factor Analytic Study of the Boredom Proneness ScaleJournal of Personality Assessment, 55
Barbara Klingenspor (1994)
Gender identity and bulimic eating behaviorSex Roles, 31
Cultural forces influence body-image development in gender-contingent ways, such that women in our society possess more dysfunctional body-image attitudes than men do. However, few studies have examined how women’s body-image experiences relate to their own gender attitudes and ideologies. This investigation of 122 college women assessed multiple parameters of body image (i.e., evaluation, investment, and affect) and different facets of gender attitudes and feminist identity development. Results revealed minimal relationships between body-image attitudes and either feminist identity or adherence to traditional gender beliefs at individual/stereotypic or societal levels. On the other hand, traditional gender attitudes at the level of male-female social interactions were associated with stronger and more dysfunctional investments in cultural and personal appearance standards. The scientific, social, and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
Sex Roles – Springer Journals
Published: Nov 24, 2007
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