# Experimental determination of liquidus H2O contents of haplogranite at deep-crustal conditions

Experimental determination of liquidus H2O contents of haplogranite at deep-crustal conditions The liquidus water content of a haplogranite melt at high pressure (P) and temperature (T) is important, because it is a key parameter for constraining the volume of granite that could be produced by melting of the deep crust. Previous estimates based on melting experiments at low P (≤0.5 GPa) show substantial scatter when extrapolated to deep crustal P and T (700–1000 °C, 0.6–1.5 GPa). To improve the high-P constraints on H2O concentration at the granite liquidus, we performed experiments in a piston–cylinder apparatus at 1.0 GPa using a range of haplogranite compositions in the albite (Ab: NaAlSi3O8)—orthoclase (Or: KAlSi3O8)—quartz (Qz: SiO2)—H2O system. We used equal weight fractions of the feldspar components and varied the Qz between 20 and 30 wt%. In each experiment, synthetic granitic composition glass + H2O was homogenized well above the liquidus T, and T was lowered by increments until quartz and alkali feldspar crystalized from the liquid. To establish reversed equilibrium, we crystallized the homogenized melt at the lower T and then raised T until we found that the crystalline phases were completely resorbed into the liquid. The reversed liquidus minimum temperatures at 3.0, 4.1, 5.8, 8.0, and 12.0 wt% H2O are 935–985, 875–900, 775–800, 725–775, and 650–675 °C, respectively. Quenched charges were analyzed by petrographic microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electron microprobe analysis (EMPA). The equation for the reversed haplogranite liquidus minimum curve for Ab36.25Or36.25Qz27.5 (wt% basis) at 1.0 GPa is $$T = - 0.0995 w_{{{\text{H}}_{ 2} {\text{O}}}}^{ 3} + 5.0242w_{{{\text{H}}_{ 2} {\text{O}}}}^{ 2} - 88.183 w_{{{\text{H}}_{ 2} {\text{O}}}} + 1171.0$$ T = - 0.0995 w H 2 O 3 + 5.0242 w H 2 O 2 - 88.183 w H 2 O + 1171.0 for $$0 \le w_{{{\text{H}}_{ 2} {\text{O}}}} \le 17$$ 0 ≤ w H 2 O ≤ 17 wt% and $$T$$ T is in °C. We present a revised $$P - T$$ P - T diagram of liquidus minimum H2O isopleths which integrates data from previous determinations of vapor-saturated melting and the lower pressure vapor-undersaturated melting studies conducted by other workers on the haplogranite system. For lower H2O (<5.8 wt%) and higher temperature, our results plot on the high end of the extrapolated water contents at liquidus minima when compared to the previous estimates. As a consequence, amounts of metaluminous granites that can be produced from lower crustal biotite–amphibole gneisses by dehydration melting are more restricted than previously thought. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology Springer Journals

# Experimental determination of liquidus H2O contents of haplogranite at deep-crustal conditions

, Volume 172 (9) – Aug 18, 2017
18 pages

/lp/springer_journal/experimental-determination-of-liquidus-h2o-contents-of-haplogranite-at-qZwHsgz0l6
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Copyright © 2017 by Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany
Subject
Earth Sciences; Geology; Mineral Resources; Mineralogy
ISSN
0010-7999
eISSN
1432-0967
D.O.I.
10.1007/s00410-017-1392-7
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

### Abstract

The liquidus water content of a haplogranite melt at high pressure (P) and temperature (T) is important, because it is a key parameter for constraining the volume of granite that could be produced by melting of the deep crust. Previous estimates based on melting experiments at low P (≤0.5 GPa) show substantial scatter when extrapolated to deep crustal P and T (700–1000 °C, 0.6–1.5 GPa). To improve the high-P constraints on H2O concentration at the granite liquidus, we performed experiments in a piston–cylinder apparatus at 1.0 GPa using a range of haplogranite compositions in the albite (Ab: NaAlSi3O8)—orthoclase (Or: KAlSi3O8)—quartz (Qz: SiO2)—H2O system. We used equal weight fractions of the feldspar components and varied the Qz between 20 and 30 wt%. In each experiment, synthetic granitic composition glass + H2O was homogenized well above the liquidus T, and T was lowered by increments until quartz and alkali feldspar crystalized from the liquid. To establish reversed equilibrium, we crystallized the homogenized melt at the lower T and then raised T until we found that the crystalline phases were completely resorbed into the liquid. The reversed liquidus minimum temperatures at 3.0, 4.1, 5.8, 8.0, and 12.0 wt% H2O are 935–985, 875–900, 775–800, 725–775, and 650–675 °C, respectively. Quenched charges were analyzed by petrographic microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electron microprobe analysis (EMPA). The equation for the reversed haplogranite liquidus minimum curve for Ab36.25Or36.25Qz27.5 (wt% basis) at 1.0 GPa is $$T = - 0.0995 w_{{{\text{H}}_{ 2} {\text{O}}}}^{ 3} + 5.0242w_{{{\text{H}}_{ 2} {\text{O}}}}^{ 2} - 88.183 w_{{{\text{H}}_{ 2} {\text{O}}}} + 1171.0$$ T = - 0.0995 w H 2 O 3 + 5.0242 w H 2 O 2 - 88.183 w H 2 O + 1171.0 for $$0 \le w_{{{\text{H}}_{ 2} {\text{O}}}} \le 17$$ 0 ≤ w H 2 O ≤ 17 wt% and $$T$$ T is in °C. We present a revised $$P - T$$ P - T diagram of liquidus minimum H2O isopleths which integrates data from previous determinations of vapor-saturated melting and the lower pressure vapor-undersaturated melting studies conducted by other workers on the haplogranite system. For lower H2O (<5.8 wt%) and higher temperature, our results plot on the high end of the extrapolated water contents at liquidus minima when compared to the previous estimates. As a consequence, amounts of metaluminous granites that can be produced from lower crustal biotite–amphibole gneisses by dehydration melting are more restricted than previously thought.

### Journal

Contributions to Mineralogy and PetrologySpringer Journals

Published: Aug 18, 2017

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