Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
M. Kreutzer (2014)
DARWIN and FACIAL EXPRESSION A CENTURY OF RESEARCH IN REVIEW
Christine Williams (1993)
Doing "women's work": Men in nontraditional occupations.Social Forces, 23
(1990)
Ideology and emotion management: A perspective and path for future research
R. Simon, Leda Nath (2004)
Gender and Emotion in the United States: Do Men and Women Differ in Self‐Reports of Feelings and Expressive Behavior?1American Journal of Sociology, 109
C. Brotheridge, Raymond Lee (2003)
Development and validation of the Emotional Labour ScaleJournal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 76
Catherine Theodosius (2008)
Emotional Labour in Health Care: The unmanaged heart of nursing
Blake Ashforth, Glen Kreiner (1999)
How can you do it?: Dirty work and the challenge of constructing a positive identityAcademy of Management Review, 24
Jacob Cohen, P. Cohen, S. West, L. Aiken (1979)
Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences
Cecilia Ridgeway (2009)
FRAMED BEFORE WE KNOW IT How Gender Shapes Social Relations
Alicia Grandey (2003)
WHEN 'THE SHOW MUST GO ON': SURFACE ACTING AND DEEP ACTING AS DETERMINANTS OF EMOTIONAL EXHAUSTION AND PEER-RATED SERVICE DELIVERYAcademy of Management Journal, 46
(2006)
National Academy of Sciences International Council of Nurses
L. Floge, Deborah Merrill (1986)
Tokenism Reconsidered: Male Nurses and Female Physicians in a Hospital SettingSocial Forces, 64
S. Bolton (2005)
Emotion Management in the Workplace
Christine Williams (1992)
The Glass Escalator: Hidden Advantages for Men in the “Female” ProfessionsSocial Problems, 39
(1988)
Unnatural emotions
CE O’Lynn (2007)
Men in nursing: History, challenges, and opportunities
M. Brackett, S. Rivers, S. Shiffman, Nicole Lerner, P. Salovey (2006)
Relating emotional abilities to social functioning: a comparison of self-report and performance measures of emotional intelligence.Journal of personality and social psychology, 91 4
J. Diefendorff, Meredith Croyle, Robin Gosserand (2005)
The dimensionality and antecedents of emotional labor strategiesJournal of Vocational Behavior, 66
A. Fischer (2000)
Gender and emotion: Social psychological perspectives
M. Cottingham (2014)
Recruiting Men, Constructing ManhoodGender & Society, 28
P Thoits (1990)
Research agendas in the sociology of emotions
S. Cross, B. Bagilhole (2002)
Girls' Jobs for the Boys? Men, Masculinity and Non-Traditional OccupationsGender, Work and Organization, 9
R. Cropanzano, K. James, M. Konovsky (1993)
Dispositional affectivity as a predictor of work attitudes and job performanceJournal of Organizational Behavior, 14
J. Diefendorff, R. Erickson, Alicia Grandey, Jason Dahling (2011)
Emotional display rules as work unit norms: a multilevel analysis of emotional labor among nurses.Journal of occupational health psychology, 16 2
Sarah Goodrum, M. Stafford (2003)
The Management of Emotions in the Criminal Justice SystemSociological Focus, 36
Melissa Sloan (2007)
The “Real Self” and Inauthenticity: The Importance of Self-Concept Anchorage for Emotional Experiences in the WorkplaceSocial Psychology Quarterly, 70
(2006)
The global nursing shortage: Priority areas for intervention
(2000)
Reciprocal emotion management : Working together to maintain stratification in private law firms
(2007)
Men, caring, and touch
E Hatfield, RL Rapson, YL Le (2009)
The social neuroscience of empathy
(2000)
Gender , emotion , and expression
R. Collier (2002)
MasculinitiesSociology, 36
J. Bono, Meredith Vey (2005)
Toward understanding emotional management at work: A quantitative review of emotional labor research.
C. Brotheridge, Alicia Grandey (2002)
Emotional labor and burnout: Comparing two perspectives of "people work"Journal of Vocational Behavior, 60
R. Lucero, E. Lake, L. Aiken (2010)
Nursing care quality and adverse events in US hospitals.Journal of clinical nursing, 19 15-16
R. Quinn, G. Staines (1981)
The 1977 quality of employment survey : descriptive statistics, with comparison data from the 1969-70 and the 1972-73 surveys
S. Shields (2000)
Gender and emotion: Thinking about gender, thinking about theory: Gender and emotional experience
J. Diefendorff, E. Richard (2003)
Antecedents and consequences of emotional display rule perceptions.The Journal of applied psychology, 88 2
(2000)
Mood and emotions while working: Missing pieces of job satisfaction
R. Simpson (2006)
Emotional labour and identity work of men in caring roles
M. Bellas (1999)
Emotional Labor in Academia: The Case of ProfessorsThe Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 561
AE Rafferty, MA Griffin (2009)
The sage handbook of organizational research methods
T. Chaplin, P. Cole, C. Zahn-Waxler (2005)
Parental socialization of emotion expression: gender differences and relations to child adjustment.Emotion, 5 1
PhD Hibbert, RN Lannigan, RN Raven, M. Landau, MD Phelan (1995)
Gender differences in lung growthPediatric Pulmonology, 19
J. Oulton (2006)
The Global Nursing Shortage: An Overview of Issues and ActionsPolicy, Politics, & Nursing Practice, 7
L Rueckert (2011)
Psychology of empathy
Brent Scott, Christopher Barnes (2011)
A Multilevel Field Investigation of Emotional Labor, Affect, Work Withdrawal, and GenderAcademy of Management Journal, 54
H. Bradley (1990)
Men's work, women's work : a sociological history of the sexual division of labour in employmentContemporary Sociology, 19
L. Brody (2000)
Gender and emotion: The socialization of gender differences in emotional expression: Display rules, infant temperament, and differentiation
(2011)
Managing emotional manhood : Fighting and fostering fear in mixed martial arts
(1989)
1989).Men’s work, women’s work: A sociological history
(2005)
Rethinking empathy in nursing education: Shifting to a developmental view
MD Cottingham (2014)
Recruiting men, constructing manhood: How health care organizations mobilize masculinities as nursing recruitment strategyGender & Society, 28
Hazel-Anne Johnson, Paul Spector (2007)
Service with a smile: do emotional intelligence, gender, and autonomy moderate the emotional labor process?Journal of occupational health psychology, 12 4
Lauren Littlejohn, Jacquelyn Campbellb, Janice Collins-McNeilc (2012)
Nursing Shortage: A Comparative Analysis
David Barron, E. West (2007)
The emotional costs of caring incurred by men and women in the British labour market.Social science & medicine, 65 10
Considering Employment, Cecilia Ridgeway, Cecilia Ridgeway (2016)
INTERACTION AND THE CONSERVATION OF GENDER INEQUALITY
LR Brody, JA Hall (2000)
Handbook of emotions
Julie Brown, A. Hochschild (1985)
The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling.Social Forces, 64
D. Nowlan (1980)
Costs and benefits.Irish medical journal, 73 4
JE Bono, MA Vey (2005)
Emotions in organizational behavior
(1989)
The highs and lows of emotional labor : Detectives encounters with criminals and victims
R. Erickson, C. Ritter (2001)
Emotional labor, burnout, and inauthenticity: Does gender matter?Social Psychology Quarterly, 64
A. Rafferty, M. Griffin (2009)
Job Satisfaction in Organizational Research
(1973)
Cross culture studies of facial expression
E. Heikes (1991)
WHEN MEN ARE THE MINORITY: The Case of Men in NursingSociological Quarterly, 32
AH Eagly, W Wood, AB Diekman (2000)
The developmental psychology of gender
Blake Ashforth, R. Humphrey (1993)
Emotional Labor in Service Roles: The Influence of IdentityAcademy of Management Review, 18
Incumbent perceptions of emotional work requirements. Paper presented at the 12 th Annual Conference of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology
J. Jansz (2000)
Masculine identity and restrictive emotionality.
(1990)
Emotional deviance: Research agendas
C. Brotheridge, Raymond Lee (2002)
Testing a conservation of resources model of the dynamics of emotional labor.Journal of occupational health psychology, 7 1
Marita Husso, H. Hirvonen (2012)
Gendered Agency and Emotions in the Field of Care WorkGender, Work and Organization, 19
R. Garside, B. Klimes-Dougan (2002)
Socialization of Discrete Negative Emotions: Gender Differences and Links with Psychological DistressSex Roles, 47
D. Adler (2016)
Using Multivariate Statistics
Laurie Rudman, P. Glick (2001)
Prescriptive Gender Stereotypes and Backlash Toward Agentic WomenJournal of Social Issues, 57
P. Buerhaus, K. Donelan, B. Ulrich, L. Norman, R. Dittus (2005)
Is the shortage of hospital registered nurses getting better or worse? Findings from two recent national surveys of RNs.Nursing economic$, 23 2
Pei-Chia Lan (2008)
Working in a Neon Cage : Bodily Labor of Cosmetics Saleswomen in Taiwan
(1997)
Holy men and big guns: The can[n]on in social theory
LA Rudman, P Glick (2004)
Prescriptive gender stereotypes and backlash toward agentic womenJournal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87
(2008)
Summarizing twenty - five years of research on men ’ s gender role conflict using the gender role conflict scale : New research paradigms and clinical implications
Cecilia Ridgeway (1997)
INTERACTION AND THE CONSERVATION OF GENDER INEQUALITY: CONSIDERING EMPLOYMENT*American Sociological Review, 62
Wuying Chen, Jiamei Lu, Lianqi Liu, L. Wenyi (2014)
Gender Differences of Empathy, 22
B. Lovell, Raymond Lee, C. Brotheridge (2009)
Gender differences in the application of communication skills, emotional labor, stress-coping and well-being among physicians, 2
(2012)
Occupational outlook handbook , 2012 – 13 edition , registered nurses
Ute Hülsheger, Anna Schewe (2011)
On the costs and benefits of emotional labor: a meta-analysis of three decades of research.Journal of occupational health psychology, 16 3
D. Scully (1988)
CONVICTED RAPISTS' PERCEPTIONS OF SELF AND VICTIM:Gender & Society, 2
E. Hatfield, Richard Rapson, Y. Le (2009)
Emotional Contagion and Empathy
AK Daniels (1987)
Invisible workSocial Problems, 34
T. Eckes, H. Trautner (2012)
Social Role Theory of Sex Differences and Similarities : A Current Appraisal
Robert Liebendorfer (1960)
Mind, self and societyCommunication Quarterly, 8
Martha Copp (2011)
Moving Politics: Emotion and ACT UP’s Fight Against AIDSContemporary Sociology, 40
R Simpson (2007)
Gendering emotions in organizations
E. Rizzi (2013)
Framed by Gender. How Gender Inequality Persists in the Modern WorldEuropean Journal of Population / Revue européenne de Démographie, 29
Alicia Grandey (2000)
Emotion regulation in the workplace: a new way to conceptualize emotional labor.Journal of occupational health psychology, 5 1
S. Chau, Jason Dahling, P. Levy, J. Diefendorff (2009)
A predictive study of emotional labor and turnoverJournal of Organizational Behavior, 30
M. Brinton (2013)
Framed by Gender: How Gender Inequality Persists in the Modern World by Cecilia L. Ridgeway (review)Social Forces, 92
Thomas Dodson, L. Borders (2006)
Men in traditional and nontraditional careers: Gender role attitudes, gender role conflict, and job satisfaction.Career Development Quarterly, 54
(2005)
Suppression or expression : An exploration of emotion management in a special care baby unit
Lisa Rashotte, Murray Webster (2005)
Gender status beliefsSocial Science Research, 34
J. Russell (1980)
A circumplex model of affect.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39
J. Schaubroeck, James Jones (2000)
Antecedents of workplace emotional labor dimensions and moderators of their effects on physical symptomsJournal of Organizational Behavior, 21
A. Fausto-Sterling, W. Barry (2009)
The Five Sexes: Why Male and Female Are Not Enough
R. Fivush, Janine Buckner (2000)
Gender and emotion: Gender, sadness, and depression: The development of emotional focus through gendered discourse
Celia Kitzinger (2009)
Doing GenderGender & Society, 23
S. Robinson, J. O'Reilly, Wei Wang (2013)
Invisible at WorkJournal of Management, 39
R. Hassad (2010)
Development and Validation of a Scale for Measuring Instructors' Attitudes toward Concept-Based or Reform-Oriented Teaching of Introductory Statistics in the Health and Behavioral Sciences
D Scully (1988)
Convicted rapists’ perceptions of self and victim: Role taking and emotionsGender & Society, 2
(Hochschild 1983) coined the term status shield to theorize men’s status-based protection from the emotional abuses of working in a service job and hence their diminished need to manage emotions as compared to women. Extending this concept, the current study examines how gender operates not merely to shield men from emotional labor on the job but to also shape the relationship between emotional labor and job satisfaction. Using survey data collected from 730 registered nurses (667 women and 63 men) at a large Midwestern hospital system in the U.S., we show that in addition to engaging in less emotional labor than women, men benefit from their emotion management in ways that women do not. Gender moderates the relationship between two dimensions of emotional labor (i.e., surface acting – covering emotion and deep acting) and two outcome measures (i.e., job satisfaction and turnover intention). Results support theoretical claims that men’s privileged status shields them from having to perform emotional labor as frequently as women. Further, when male nurses do perform higher levels of emotional labor, they are shielded from the negative effects of covering emotion and their deep acting correlates with higher job satisfaction—a status bonus—compared to that of their female colleagues. Implications for gender theory, emotional labor, and nursing policy and practice are discussed.
Sex Roles – Springer Journals
Published: Sep 30, 2014
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.