Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
S. Brady (1997)
Ability to encode phonological representations: An underlying difficulty of poor readers.
G. Lyon (1995)
Toward a definition of dyslexiaAnnals of Dyslexia, 45
R. Morris, K. Stuebing, J. Fletcher, S. Shaywitz, G. Lyon, D. Shankweiler, L. Katz, D. Francis, B. Shaywitz (1998)
Subtypes of reading disability: Variability around a phonological core.Journal of Educational Psychology, 90
Lorna Murphy, A. Pollatsek (1994)
Developmental dyslexia: Heterogeneity without discrete subgroupsAnnals of Dyslexia, 44
I.G. Mattingly (1972)
Language by ear and by eye: The relationship between speech and reading
M. Schroeder (1968)
Reference Signal for Signal Quality StudiesJournal of the Acoustical Society of America, 44
K.E. Stanovich (1986)
Psychological and educational perspectives of learning disabilities
K. Stanovich (1994)
Annotation: does dyslexia exist?Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 35 4
M. Bruck (1992)
Persistence of dyslexics' phonological awareness deficits.Developmental Psychology, 28
L. Cardon, Shelley Smith, D. Fulker, W. Kimberling, B. Pennington, J. Defries (1994)
Quantitative trait locus for reading disability on chromosome 6.Science, 266 5183
C. Elbro, Ina Borstrøm, D. Petersen (1998)
Predicting dyslexia from kindergarten : The importance of distinctness of phonological representations of lexical itemsReading Research Quarterly, 33
R.W. Woodcock (1977)
Woodcock-Johnson psycho-educational battery: Technical report
A.E. Fowler (1991)
Phonological processes in literacy
P. Bowers (1995)
Tracing symbol naming speed's unique contributions to reading disabilities over timeReading and Writing, 7
H. Scarborough (1990)
Very early language deficits in dyslexic children.Child development, 61 6
H.S. Scarborough (1998)
Specific reading disability: A view of the spectrum
J. Rack, M. Snowling, R. Olson (1992)
The Nonword Reading Deficit in Developmental Dyslexia: A Review.Reading Research Quarterly, 27
M. Denckla, R. Rudel (1976)
Rapid ‘automatized’ naming (R.A.N.): Dyslexia differentiated from other learning disabilitiesNeuropsychologia, 14
K.E. Stanovich (1988)
The dyslexic and the garden-variety poor reader: The phonologicalcore variable-difference modelJournal of Learning Disabilities, 21
M. Meyer, F. Wood, L. Hart, R. Felton (1998)
Selective Predictive Value of Rapid Automatized Naming in Poor ReadersJournal of Learning Disabilities, 31
S. Gathercole, A. Baddeley (1990)
The role of phonological memory in vocabulary acquisition: A study of young children learning new namesBritish Journal of Psychology, 81
M. Wolf, H. Bally, R. Morris (1986)
Automaticity, retrieval processes, and reading: a longitudinal study in average and impaired readers.Child development, 57 4
L.R. Gleitman, P. Rozin (1977)
Toward a psychology of reading
R. Wagner, J. Torgesen, C. Rashotte, S. Hecht, T. Barker, Stephen Burgess, John Donahue, Tamara Garon (1997)
Changing relations between phonological processing abilities and word-level reading as children develop from beginning to skilled readers: a 5-year longitudinal study.Developmental psychology, 33 3
S.A. Brady (1997)
Foundations of reading acquisition and dyslexia. Implications for early intervention
K. Stanovich (1988)
Explaining the Differences Between the Dyslexic and the Garden-Variety Poor ReaderJournal of Learning Disabilities, 21
K. Landerl, U. Frith, H. Wimmer (1996)
Intrusion of orthographic knowledge on phoneme awareness: Strong in normal readers, weak in dyslexic readersApplied Psycholinguistics, 17
K. Stanovich, L. Siegel, A. Gottardo (1997)
Converging Evidence for Phonological and Surface Subtypes of Reading Disability.Journal of Educational Psychology, 89
J. Snodgrass, M. Vanderwart (1980)
A standardized set of 260 pictures: norms for name agreement, image agreement, familiarity, and visual complexity.Journal of experimental psychology. Human learning and memory, 6 2
R. Wagner, J. Torgesen (1987)
The nature of phonological processing and its causal role in the acquisition of reading skills.Psychological Bulletin, 101
P.L. Gough, M.A Walsh (1991)
Phonological processes in literacy: A tribute to Isabelle Y. Liberman
Anne Fowler (1991)
How early phonological development might set the stage for phoneme awareness.
B. Pennington, L. Mccabe, S. Smith, D. Lefly, M. Bookman, W. Kimberling, H. Lubs (1986)
Spelling errors in adults with a form of familial dyslexia.Child development, 57 4
Brenda Stone, S. Brady (1995)
Evidence for phonological processing deficits in less-skilled readersAnnals of Dyslexia, 45
D. Wechsler (1974)
Wechsler intelligence scale for children —revised
S. Smith, B. Pennington, W. Kimberling, P. Ing (1990)
Familial dyslexia: use of genetic linkage data to define subtypes.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 29 2
M. Harm, Mark Seidenberg (1999)
Phonology, reading acquisition, and dyslexia: insights from connectionist models.Psychological review, 106 3
F. Manis, Mark Seidenberg, L. Doi, C. McBride-Chang, A. Petersen (1996)
On the bases of two subtypes of development dyslexiaCognition, 58
F. Manis, Mark Seidenberg, L. Doi (1999)
See Dick RAN: Rapid Naming and the Longitudinal Prediction of Reading Subskills in First and Second GradersScientific Studies of Reading, 3
Bruce Pennington, G. Orden, Shelley Smith, P. Green, Marshall Haith (1990)
Phonological processing skills and deficits in adult dyslexics.Child development, 61 6
M. Wolf (1991)
Naming Speed and Reading: The Contribution of the Cognitive Neurosciences.Reading Research Quarterly, 26
S. Jastak, G.S. Wilkinson (1984)
WRAT-R —Wide Range Achievement Test
R. Morris, K. Stuebing, J. Fletcher, S. Shaywitz, R. Lyon, D. Shankweiler, L. Katz, D. Francis, B. Shaywitz (1998)
Subtypes of reading disability: A phonological coreJournal of Educational Psychology, 90
J. Fletcher, S. Shaywitz, D. Shankweiler, L. Katz, I. Liberman, K. Stuebing, D. Francis, Anne Fowler, B. Shaywitz (1994)
Cognitive profiles of reading disability: Comparisons of discrepancy and low achievement definitions.Journal of Educational Psychology, 86
A. Cornwall (1992)
The Relationship of Phonological Awareness, Rapid Naming, and Verbal Memory to Severe Reading and Spelling DisabilityJournal of Learning Disabilities, 25
U. Frith (1985)
Surface dyslexia: Neuropsychological and cognitive studies of phonological reading
M. Wolf, P. Bowers (1999)
The double-deficit hypothesis for the developmental dyslexias.Journal of Educational Psychology, 91
Susan Brady, S. Brady, D. Shankweiler, Donald Shankweiler, Virginia Mann, Virginia Mann (1983)
Speech perception and memory coding in relation to reading ability.Journal of experimental child psychology, 35 2
J.P. Rack, M.J. Snowling, R.K. Olson (1992)
The nonword reading deficit in developmental dyslexiaReading Research Quarterly, 27
B. Pennington, D. Lefly (2001)
Early reading development in children at family risk for dyslexia.Child development, 72 3
L. Ehri (1992)
Reconceptualizing the Development of Sight Word Reading and Its Relationship to Recoding
A.B. Hollingshead (1975)
Four factor index of social status
K. Stanovich, L. Siegel (1994)
Phenotypic performance profile of children with reading disabilities: A regression-based test of the phonological-core variable-difference model.Journal of Educational Psychology, 86
J.L. Wiederholt, B.R. Bryant (1992)
Gray oral reading tests
B. Pennington, D. Lefly, G. Orden, M. Bookman, Shelley Smith (1987)
Is phonology bypassed in normal or dyslexic development?Annals of Dyslexia, 37
P. Bowers, M. Wolf (1993)
Theoretical links among naming speed, precise timing mechanisms and orthographic skill in dyslexiaReading and Writing, 5
L.M. Dunn, F.C. Markwardt (1970)
Examiner's manual: Peabody Individual Achievement Test
L. Ehri (1992)
Reading acquisition
S.D. Smith, B.F. Pennington, W.J. Kimberling, H.A. Lubs (1983)
Genetic aspects of speech and language disorders
H. Kucera, W. Francis, W. Twaddell, M. Marckworth, Laura Bell, J. Carroll (1967)
Computational analysis of present-day American English
A. Castles, M. Coltheart (1993)
Varieties of developmental dyslexiaCognition, 47
C. McBride-Chang, F. Manis (1996)
Structural invariance in the associations of naming speed, phonological awareness, and verbal reasoning in good and poor readers: A test of the double deficit hypothesisReading and Writing, 8
This study tested the predictions of thephonological and double deficit hypotheses byexperimentally examining speech perception,phoneme awareness, lexical retrieval (serialand discrete), articulatory speed, and verbalSTM in school age child (N = 35) and adolescent(N = 36) dyslexics, and both chronological age(CA) and reading age (RA) controls. Theresults confirmed the findings of previousstudies of a deficit in phoneme awareness indevelopmental dyslexia. At both age levels,dyslexics performed significantly more poorlythan both their CA and RA controls. Althoughdeficits in the other processes investigated,particularly in rapid serial naming, were alsoapparent, they were not as clear-cut as thedeficit in phoneme awareness. In general,definite evidence of a deficit in rapid serialnaming was limited to the more severelyimpaired dyslexics. Furthermore, although rapidserial naming contributed independent variationto various literacy skills, its contributionwas modest relative to the contribution ofphoneme awareness, regardless of whether theliteracy skill relied more or less heavily onphonological or orthographic coding skills. Further analyses suggested that variation inrapid serial skill is particularly importantfor fluent reading of text, whereas phonemeawareness is particularly important for thedevelopment of the ability to read byphonologically recoding letters or groups ofletters in words into their phonological codes.This explains the relatively strongcontribution of phoneme awareness to readingand spelling ability in general. In sum, thephonological hypothesis offers a moreparsimonious account of the present resultsthan the double deficit hypothesis.
Reading and Writing – Springer Journals
Published: Oct 3, 2004
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.