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M. Wit, M. Koopmans, L. Kortbeek, W. Wannet, J. Vinjé, F. Leusden, M. A.I., Bartelds, Y. Duynhoven (2001)
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Molecular Epidemiology of Caliciviruses Causing Outbreaks and Sporadic Cases of Acute Gastroenteritis in SpainJournal of Clinical Microbiology, 40
J. Boga, S. Melón, I. Nicieza, I. Diego, M. Villar, F. Parra, M. Oña (2004)
Etiology of Sporadic Cases of Pediatric Acute Gastroenteritis in Asturias, Spain, and Genotyping and Characterization of Norovirus Strains InvolvedJournal of Clinical Microbiology, 42
J. Marshall, M. Hellard, M. Sinclair, C. Fairley, B. Cox, M. Catton, H. Kelly, P. Wright (2003)
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N. Sakon, K. Yamazaki, T. Yoda, T. Tsukamoto, T. Kase, K. Taniguchi, Kazuo Takahashi, T. Otake, Osaka Prefectural (2007)
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R. Bull, Mark Tanaka, P. White (2007)
Norovirus recombination.The Journal of general virology, 88 Pt 12
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D. Subekti, P. Tjaniadi, M. Lesmana, C. Simanjuntak, S. Komalarini, H. Digdowirogo, B. Setiawan, A. Corwin, James Campbell, K. Porter, B. Oyofo (2002)
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Li Guo, Jingdong Song, Xi-wei Xu, L. Ren, Jianguo Li, Hongli Zhou, Min Wang, J. Qu, Jianwei Wang, T. Hung (2009)
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Jpn J Infect Dis
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Shigeyuki Kojima, T. Kageyama, S. Fukushi, F. Hoshino, M. Shinohara, K. Uchida, K. Natori, N. Takeda, K. Katayama (2002)
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Detection and characterization of human caliciviruses in hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis in Blantyre, MalawiJournal of Medical Virology, 77
J. Vinjé, Sandy Altena, M. Koopmans (1997)
The incidence and genetic variability of small round-structured viruses in outbreaks of gastroenteritis in The Netherlands.The Journal of infectious diseases, 176 5
R. Vidal, P. Roessler, V. Solari, Jimena Vollaire, Xi Jiang, D. Matson, N. Mamaní, V. Prado, M. O’Ryan (2006)
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Molecular epidemiology of norovirus infection among children with acute gastroenteritis in Shanghai, China, 2001–2005Journal of Medical Virology, 81
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T1846 and A/G1913 are associated with acute on chronic liver failure in patients infected with hepatitis B virus genotypes B and CJournal of Medical Virology, 83
R. Atmar, M. Estes (2006)
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Cecilia Johnston, H. Qiu, J. Ticehurst, C. Dickson, P. Rosenbaum, P. Lawson, A. Stokes, C. Lowenstein, Michael Kaminsky, S. Cosgrove, K. Green, T. Perl (2007)
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J. Siebenga, H. Vennema, E. Duizer, M. Koopmans (2007)
Gastroenteritis Caused by Norovirus GGII.4, the Netherlands, 1994–2005Emerging Infectious Diseases, 13
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F. Bon, K. Ambert‐Balay, H. Giraudon, J. Kaplon, S. Guyader, M. Pommepuy, A. Gallay, V. Vaillant, H. Valk, Roxane Chikhi-Brachet, A. Flahaut, P. Pothier, E. Kohli (2005)
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Andrea Bertolotti-Ciarlet, S. Crawford, A. Hutson, M. Estes (2003)
The 3′ End of Norwalk Virus mRNA Contains Determinants That Regulate the Expression and Stability of the Viral Capsid Protein VP1: a Novel Function for the VP2 ProteinJournal of Virology, 77
J. Vinjé, M. Koopmans (1996)
Molecular detection and epidemiology of small round-structured viruses in outbreaks of gastroenteritis in the Netherlands.The Journal of infectious diseases, 174 3
M. Medici, M. Martinelli, L. Abelli, F. Ruggeri, I. Bartolo, M. Arcangeletti, F. Pinardi, F. Conto, G. Izzi, S. Bernasconi, C. Chezzi, G. Dettori (2006)
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B. Rockx, M. Wit, H. Vennema, J. Vinjé, E. Bruin, Y. Duynhoven, M. Koopmans (2002)
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C. O’Reilly, A. Bowen, N. Perez, J. Sarisky, Craig Shepherd, Mark Miller, B. Hubbard, Michael Herring, Sharunda Buchanan, C. Fitzgerald, V. Hill, M. Arrowood, Lihua Xiao, R. Hoekstra, E. Mintz, M. Lynch (2007)
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G. Reuter, K. Krisztalovics, H. Vennema, M. Koopmans, G. Szűcs (2005)
Evidence of the etiological predominance of norovirus in gastroenteritis outbreaks—emerging new‐variant and recombinant noroviruses in HungaryJournal of Medical Virology, 76
Acute gastroenteritis caused by human noroviruses (NoVs) has become an important public health problem worldwide. This study was carried out to investigate the rates of NoV infections and the genetic characteristics of NoVs in adult outpatients with acute gastroenteritis in Ji’nan, a large eastern city in China. A total of 480 fecal samples were collected from outpatients at the Shandong University Qilu Hospital between June 2010 and May 2011. Of the collected samples, 42 (42/480, 8.75 %) were positive for NoVs by RT-PCR, and seven different genotypes were identified: GI-1, GI-4, GII-1, GII-3, GII-4, GII-6 and GII-13, of which GII-4 was the most prevalent (29/42, 69.0 %). Phylogenetic and Simplot analyses showed that three recombinant strains were detected: two GII-4 polymerase/GII-3 capsid recombinants and one GII-6 polymerase/GII-4 capsid recombinant. This study indicated that NoV was a common causative agent of sporadic acute gastroenteritis in adults in Ji’nan, China, and that NoV GII-4 was the predominant strain during this period. Three recombinant strains were identified in which GII-6 polymerase/GII-4 capsid was detected for the first time in China.
Archives of Virology – Springer Journals
Published: Nov 1, 2013
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