RESEARCH ARTICLE
Assessment of biotoxicity of Cu nanoparticles with respect to probiotic
strains of microorganisms and representatives of the normal flora
of the intestine of broiler chickens
Aleksey Nikolayevich Sizentsov
1
&
Olga Vilorievna Kvan
1,2
&
Elena Petrovna Miroshnikova
1
&
Irina Aleksandrovna Gavrish
1,2
&
Victoria Alekseevna Serdaeva
2
&
Artem Vladimirovich Bykov
1
Received: 18 July 2017 /Accepted: 13 March 2018 /Published online: 26 March 2018
#
Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract
Copper nanoparticle Cu (d = 55 ± 15 nm) and CuO nanoparticles (d = 90 ± 10 nm) were used in the studies (OOO Platina,
Russia). Using the method of pure cultures, we extracted Lactobacillus, Enterococcus,andEnterobacterium from the intestines
of broilers. Additionally, strains of Bacillus subtilis 10641 and Bifidobacterium were involved in probiotic strains. The data
obtained in the course of the study testify to the insignificant biotoxicity of copper nanoparticles with respect to representatives of
the genera Lactobacillus (30 to 15 μg/ml) and Bifidobacterium (30 μg/ml), with the most sensitive bacteria being the genus
Lactobacillus, for which a concentration of 7.5 μg/ml was subinhibitory. The second stage was the study using method of agar
wells. In the course of the experiment, we obtained results confirming the data of the research by the serial dilution method. In this
case, as in the first case, the data indicate the insignificant biotoxicity of copper nanoparticles in relation to representatives of the
genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. We have studied the bioaccumulating ability of microorganisms of the studied metals.
In all the studies carried out, as in the first series of experiments, representatives of the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium
with the lowest bioaccumulative ability were the most sensitive to copper nanoparticles and were 3.1 and 8.2%, respectively. The
use of nanoparticles as a component of the fodder additive in small concentrations does not adversely affect not only the probiotic
strains, but also the main representatives of the normoflora (Lactobacillus, Enterococcus,andEnterobacterium) of the poultry,
the positive effect of the copper nanoparticles being directly related to low level of dissociation of nanoparticles, since biolog-
ically active ions will be released much more slowly, thereby creating a prolonged effect of exposure.
Keywords Cu nanoparticles
.
Probiotics
.
Bioaccumulation
.
Lactobacillus
.
Enterococcus
.
Enterobacterium
Introduction
Currently, realization of potential of animals, including poultry,
is possible only with organization of their full-fledged feeding.
This problem is especially topical in connection with improve-
ment of quantity of mineral elements in feed and rations. The
most intensive studies in field of mineral nutrition of agricul-
tural animals and birds by scientists from different countries
have been carried out in the last 50 years (Presnyak 2015). The
equilibrium achieved with the use of inorganic metal salts no
longer satisfies requirements of modern breeds of farm animals
and birds. It is known that salts of some microelements are
very aggressive with respect to biologically active substances
in composition of mixed fodders, and show high toxicity inde-
pendently of anion (Glushchenko et al. 2006). However, in
recent years, the possibility of solving this problem has ap-
peared thanks to the rapid development of nanotechnology
(Maynard 2006; Makarov 2014) and the emergence of new
sources of microelements—metal nanoparticles (NPs) (Gusev
2005). These drugs differ from previously known forms of
Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues
* Irina Aleksandrovna Gavrish
gavrish.irina.ogu@gmail.com
1
Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education,
Orenburg State University, 13, Prospekt Pobedy, Orenburg, Russia
4600018
2
Federal State Budget Scientific Institution, Federal Scientific Centre
of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies, 29, street 9 Yanvarya,
Orenburg, Russia 460000
Environmental Science and Pollution Research (2018) 25:15765–15773
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1761-4
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