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Exchangees or Employees?: The Exchange Visitor Program and Foreign Nurse Immigration to the United States, 1945–1990

Exchangees or Employees?: The Exchange Visitor Program and Foreign Nurse Immigration to the... "Exchangees" or Employees? The Exchange Visitor Program and Foreign Nurse Immigration to the United States, 1945-1990 BARBARA L. BRUSH School of Nursing University of Pennsylvania For he past eighty years, the cry "nursing shortage" has been heard repeat- edly in the United States. Of different lengths and proportions, each shortage spawned myriad attempts at resolution with hvergent outcomes. One oh used but rarely discussed stratew is the importation of foreign nurse labor. In the forty-year span between 1945 and 1985, thousands of men and women moved from their homes in coun~es like Amdia, Great Britain, Ireland, the Philippines, and hdia to practice nursing in American hospi- tals. Though this number never represented more than 4 percent of the total domestic nursing work force in the United States, the international trade in nurses is an enduring phenomenon that raises questions about the uhaon of nurses-espwally during periods of insatiable demand for more nursing care. Because of the scope and complexity of the phenomenon of foreign nurse immigration and employment, this article daborates on only one fragment of the mosaic. Focusing spedcally on the International Council of Nurses' postwar Exchange Visitor Program (EW) and its pemharities, I argue that the Exchange http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Nursing History Review Springer Publishing

Exchangees or Employees?: The Exchange Visitor Program and Foreign Nurse Immigration to the United States, 1945–1990

BRUSH, BARBARA L.
Nursing History Review , Volume 1 (1): 10 – Jan 1, 1993
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Publisher
Springer Publishing
ISSN
1062-8061
eISSN
1938-1913
DOI
10.1891/1062-8061.1.1.171
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Abstract

"Exchangees" or Employees? The Exchange Visitor Program and Foreign Nurse Immigration to the United States, 1945-1990 BARBARA L. BRUSH School of Nursing University of Pennsylvania For he past eighty years, the cry "nursing shortage" has been heard repeat- edly in the United States. Of different lengths and proportions, each shortage spawned myriad attempts at resolution with hvergent outcomes. One oh used but rarely discussed stratew is the importation of foreign nurse labor. In the forty-year span between 1945 and 1985, thousands of men and women moved from their homes in coun~es like Amdia, Great Britain, Ireland, the Philippines, and hdia to practice nursing in American hospi- tals. Though this number never represented more than 4 percent of the total domestic nursing work force in the United States, the international trade in nurses is an enduring phenomenon that raises questions about the uhaon of nurses-espwally during periods of insatiable demand for more nursing care. Because of the scope and complexity of the phenomenon of foreign nurse immigration and employment, this article daborates on only one fragment of the mosaic. Focusing spedcally on the International Council of Nurses' postwar Exchange Visitor Program (EW) and its pemharities, I argue that the Exchange

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Nursing History Review – Springer Publishing

Published: Jan 1, 1993

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