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213 114 114 3 3 James P. Zacny Gina Sparacino Patricia M. Hoffmann Robert Martin J. Lance Lichtor Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Pritzker School of Medicine The University of Chicago 60637 Chicago IL USA Department of Psychiatry, The Pritzker School of Medicine The University of Chicago 60637 Chicago IL USA Abstract A prospective, crossover, double-blind trial was conducted in nine healthy volunteers in which the subjective, psychomotor and memory effects of isoflurane (0.0, 0.3 and 0.6%) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) (0, 20 and 40%) were examined. Dependent measures included visual analog scales and a standardized drug effects inventory (subjective effects), reaction time and eye-hand coordination (e.g., psychomotor performance), and immediate and delayed free recall (memory). There were some similarities in subjective effects between the two inhaled drugs (e.g., increased ratings of “drunk” and “spaced out”), but isoflurane had effects which N 2 O did not have. Isoflurane but not N 2 O increased visual analog scale ratings of “confused,” “sedated,” and “carefree,” and decreased ratings of “in control of thoughts” and “in control of body.” An odor was detected with isoflurane and it was disliked. Psychomotor performance was more grossly impaired during isoflurane inhalation than during N 2 O inhalation. Psychomotor recovery from both agents was rapid and complete so that 5 min after the inhalation period had ceased, performance had returned to baseline levels. Both isoflurane and nitrous oxide impaired immediate and delayed free recall. The feasibility of using isoflurane in conscious sedation procedures is discussed.
Psychopharmacology – Springer Journals
Published: Apr 1, 1994
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