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Short-term regulation of insulin-mediated glucose utilization in four-day fasted human volunteers: role of amino acid availability

Short-term regulation of insulin-mediated glucose utilization in four-day fasted human... 125 35 35 4 4 P. J. Flakoll L. S. Wentzel D. E. Rice J. O. Hill N. N. Abumrad Department of Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA Department of Pediatrics Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA Summary Glucose homeostasis in men fasted for 84 h was assessed using isotopes, indirect calorimetry and forearm balance techniques during a basal period and three sequential hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamps each lasting for 150 min. Two protocols ( n =12 in each) were used: subjects were either allowed to develop hypoaminoacidaemia or received a commercial solution of L-amino acids while maintaining near-basal plasma leucine levels. Insulin infusions resulted in 3-, 35- and 650-fold increases in plasma insulin levels in both protocols. The infusion of amino acids produced a rightward shift in the dose-response curve of insulin's effect on suppressing hepatic glucose production, indicating decreased sensitivity in addition to blunting of the maximal responsiveness. Total body glucose rate of disappearance was progressively increased with escalating insulin doses, but was 22% lower at the intermediate and highest insulin doses in the group that was infused with amino acids (3.44±0.53 vs 4.82±0.71 and 7.72±1.01 vs 10.36±1.08 mg·kg −1 ·min −1 , respectively; p <0.05). Forearm balance data confirmed the isotopic data, since amino acid infusions blunted the insulin-mediated increase in net forearm glucose utilization (by 50–83%). Furthermore, the infusion of amino acids resulted in marked reductions in the rate of carbohydrate oxidation and storage as assessed by indirect calorimetry. The data indicate that the amino acid-mediated suppression of glucose utilization and carbohydrate oxidation is exerted on the responsive component of insulin action. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Diabetologia Springer Journals

Short-term regulation of insulin-mediated glucose utilization in four-day fasted human volunteers: role of amino acid availability

Diabetologia , Volume 35 (4) – Apr 1, 1992

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References (58)

Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © 1992 by Springer-Verlag
Subject
Medicine & Public Health; Human Physiology; Internal Medicine; Metabolic Diseases
ISSN
0012-186X
eISSN
1432-0428
DOI
10.1007/BF00401203
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

125 35 35 4 4 P. J. Flakoll L. S. Wentzel D. E. Rice J. O. Hill N. N. Abumrad Department of Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA Department of Pediatrics Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA Summary Glucose homeostasis in men fasted for 84 h was assessed using isotopes, indirect calorimetry and forearm balance techniques during a basal period and three sequential hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamps each lasting for 150 min. Two protocols ( n =12 in each) were used: subjects were either allowed to develop hypoaminoacidaemia or received a commercial solution of L-amino acids while maintaining near-basal plasma leucine levels. Insulin infusions resulted in 3-, 35- and 650-fold increases in plasma insulin levels in both protocols. The infusion of amino acids produced a rightward shift in the dose-response curve of insulin's effect on suppressing hepatic glucose production, indicating decreased sensitivity in addition to blunting of the maximal responsiveness. Total body glucose rate of disappearance was progressively increased with escalating insulin doses, but was 22% lower at the intermediate and highest insulin doses in the group that was infused with amino acids (3.44±0.53 vs 4.82±0.71 and 7.72±1.01 vs 10.36±1.08 mg·kg −1 ·min −1 , respectively; p <0.05). Forearm balance data confirmed the isotopic data, since amino acid infusions blunted the insulin-mediated increase in net forearm glucose utilization (by 50–83%). Furthermore, the infusion of amino acids resulted in marked reductions in the rate of carbohydrate oxidation and storage as assessed by indirect calorimetry. The data indicate that the amino acid-mediated suppression of glucose utilization and carbohydrate oxidation is exerted on the responsive component of insulin action.

Journal

DiabetologiaSpringer Journals

Published: Apr 1, 1992

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