Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
Thomas Stöllner, H. Aspöck, N. Boenke, Claus Dobiat, H. Gawlick, W. Waateringe, W. Irlinger, Katharina Kurzynski, R. Lein, Wolfgang Lobisser, K. Löcker, Vincent Megaw, R. Megaw, G. Morgan, Erich Pucher, Trivun Sormaz (2003)
The Economy of Dürrnberg-Bei-Hallein: An Iron Age Salt-mining Centre in the Austrian AlpsThe Antiquaries Journal, 83
(1958)
Grauballemandens siste måltid
(2000)
Plants and people in ancient Scotland
Viking Congress, B. Ambrosiani, H. Clarke (1996)
The Twelfth Viking Congress : developments around the Baltic and the North Sea in the Viking Age
C. Reitz (2013)
Columella, De Re Rustica
B. Ambrosiani, H. Clarke (1995)
Excavations in the Black Earth 1990
T Thomsen (1929)
Egekistfundet fra Egtved. Fra den Ældre Bronze AlderNordisk Fortidsminder, 2
Z Demianowicz (1968)
Beiträge zur Pollenanalyse der LindenhonigeZschr Bienenforsch, 9
E. Crane (1983)
The archaeology of beekeeping
(1988)
A medieval brewery (1200–1450) at Bryggen, Bergen
M. Rösch (2008)
New aspects of agriculture and diet of the early medieval period in central Europe: waterlogged plant material from sites in south-western GermanyVegetation History and Archaeobotany, 17
(1931)
Zwei altgermanische Trinkhörner mit Bier- und Metresten
(1992)
Birka studies 1
K-E Behre (1999)
The history of beer additivesVeget Hist Archaeobot, 8
(1985)
La nostra flora
(1997)
Environment and vikings–scientific methods and techniques. (birka studies 4)
(1979)
Pollenanalytische Untersuchung von merowingerzeitlichen Honigresten
E. Callen, T. Cameron (1960)
Prehistoric Diet Revealed in CoprolitesNew Scientist, 8
(2007)
Medieval food traditions in Northern Europe. Studies in archaeology and history 12
M. Robinson, V. Straker (1991)
New Light on Early Farming
D. Moe (2001)
Contribution to the flora history of the genus Polemonium with special reference to North NorwayGrana, 40
R. Dietzel (1936)
Beiträge zur Herkunftsbestimmung bei Honig. I. Pollengestaltung und Herkunftsbestimmung bei Blütenhonig. Mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des deutschen Trachtgebietes. Von Prof. Dr. E. Zander. Verlag der Reichsfachgruppe Imker E. V., Berlin 1935. Preis geb. RM. 18,—Angewandte Chemie, 49
(1994)
The Twelfth Viking Congress. (birka studies 3)
Colin Janssen (1971)
Handbook of palynologyPalaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 9
E. Hultén (1950)
Atlas över växternas utbredning i Norden. Fanerogamer och ormbunksväxter. (Atlas of the distribution of vascular plants in NW. Europe). : 2nd ed
J. Stockmarr (1971)
Tablets with spores used in absolute pollen analysis
A. Maurizio (1971)
LE SPECTRE POLLINIQUE DES MIELS LUXEMBOURGEOISApidologie, 2
(2002)
Stöllner T (2002c) Der Dürrnberg, sein Salzwesen und das InnSalzach-Gebiet als Wirtschaftsraum
(1975)
Planter og tradisjon
E. Hultén (1950)
Atlas över växternas utbredning i NordenGff, 72
(1930)
s.a., about 1930] Förteckning over kärlväxtfloraen på Bjarkö
(1996)
Uten mat og drikke, dugde Birka ikke. Manus, lecture at Birka/Stockholm University, [unpubl
B Theune-Grosskopf (2010)
Mit Leier und Schwert: das frühmittelalterliche “Sängergrab” von Trossingen
V. Bryant, Glenna Dean (2006)
Archaeological coprolite science: The legacy of Eric O. Callen (1912–1970)Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 237
E. Crane (1978)
Honey. A comprehensive surveyMedical History, 22
G. Vorwohl (1972)
DAS POLLENSPEKTRUM VON HONIGEN AUS DEN ITALIENISCHEN ALPENApidologie, 3
D. Moe, A. Bjune (2009)
Attractive Spring-food for willow grouse (Lagopus lagopus subsp. lagopus L.) studied using plant macrofossils and pollen in faeces: a methodological discussionGrana, 48
H Bjorvand, FO Lindemann (2000)
Våre arveord: etymologisk ordbok. Instituttet for sammenlignende kulturforskning, Serie B, 105
K. Behre (1999)
The history of beer additives in Europe — A reviewVegetation History and Archaeobotany, 8
H. Küster, U. Körber-Grohne, J. Biel, Landesdenkmalamt Baden-Württemberg (1985)
Neolithische Pflanzenreste aus Hochdorf, Gemeinde Eberdingen (Kreis Ludwigsburg) . Die biologischen Reste aus dem hallstattzeitlichen Fürstengrab von Hochdorf, Gemeinde Eberdingen (Kreis Ludwigsburg)
(1991)
Koproanalyse , ein neuer Beitrag zur Geschichte der Ernährung
P. McGovern, Juzhong Zhang, Jigen Tang, Zhiqing Zhang, Gretchen Hall, R. Moreau, A. Núñez, E. Butrym, M. Richards, Chen-shan Wang, G. Cheng, Zhijun Zhao, Changsui Wang (2004)
Fermented beverages of pre- and proto-historic China.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 101 51
A. Corwin, D. Brothwell, E. Higgs (1963)
Science In Archaeology
B Einarson, GKK Link (1990)
Theophrastus: De causis Plantarum, vol. III, books 5–6. Loeb classical library 475
FC Schübeler (1888)
Norges växtrige. Et bidrag til Nord-Europas natur- og kulturhistorie, vol 2
K Digby (1669)
The closet of the eminently learned Sir Kenelm Digby Kt opened: whereby is discovered several ways for making metheglin, sider, cherry-wine.
AF Hort (1916)
Theophrastus: enquiry into plants, vol. I, books 1–5
AA Grosgeim (1946)
Rastitel’nye resursy Kavkaza [plant resources of Georgia]
(1961)
Pintèr A (1961) Beobachtungen über die Nektarabsonderung und den Insektenbesuch bei einigen schweizerischen Mattenklee-Hofsorten (Trifolium pratense L.)
A. Maurizio (1958)
BEITRAEGE ZUR QUANTITATIVEN POLLENANALYSE DES HONIGS.3. — ABSOLUTER GEHALT PFLANZLICHER BESTANDTEILE IN ESPARSETTE-, LUZERNE-, ORANGEN- UND RAPSHONIGENApidologie, 1
G. Hegi, K. Rechinger, F. Markgraf, H. Huber (1975)
Illustrierte Flora von Mittel-EuropaTaxon, 24
W. Funkhouser (1931)
Prehistoric Man in Kentucky, 4
D. Moe (1983)
Palynology of sheep's faeces: relationship between pollen content, diet and local pollen rainGrana, 22
M. Rösch (2005)
Pollen analysis of the contents of excavated vessels—direct archaeobotanical evidence of beveragesVegetation History and Archaeobotany, 14
(1957)
Nogle få anologiske studier over de vigtigste af biernes trækplanter
A. Rendle, Arthur Hort
Theophrastus: Enquiry into Plants
(1994)
Bitjuven blev hängd-Entusiast doktor på medeltidens honungsproducenter
(1994)
The Vikings in the East : coins and commerce
H. Beug (1961)
Leitfaden der Pollenbestimmung für Mitteleuropa und angrenzende Gebiete
(2000)
Studies of coprolites from the Viking Age Birka
ES Forster, EH Heffner (2001)
Columella, De Re Rusticae. book XII (On agriculture X-XII) (XXXIX-4-XLI)
M. Rösch (1999)
Evaluation of honey residues from Iron Age hill-top sites in southwestern Germany: Implications for local and regional land use and vegetation dynamicsVegetation History and Archaeobotany, 8
K. Faegri, J. Iversen (1965)
Textbook of Pollen Analysis
G Hegi (1961)
Illustrierte Flora von Mittel-Europa, vol 1, v, 2
Harald Bjorvand, Fredrik Lindeman (2000)
Våre arveord : etymologisk ordbok
(1978)
Der Dürrnberg bei Hallein III. Auswertung der Grabfunde. (Münchner Beitr Vor- Frühgesch
D. Brothwell, E. Higgs (1969)
Science in archaeology: A survey of progress and research;
JH Dickson (1979)
Exotic food and drink in ancient ScotlandGlasg Nat, 19
T Noonan (1994)
Developments around the Baltic and the North Sea in the Viking Age. (birka studies 3)
E. Husberg (1994)
The history of beekeeping: honey, beeswax and mead in Sweden during the Middle Ages and the sixteenth century
E Rundqvist (1995)
Excavation in the Black Earth. (birka studies 2)
K. Fægri, L. Pijl (1979)
Principles of Pollination Ecology 3rd edition
(1968)
Die vorgeschichtlichen Grubenbaue im Salzberg Dürrnberg/Hallein
(1996)
Die Hallstattzeit und der Beginn der Latènezeit im Inn-Salzach-Raum. (Archäol in Salzburg 3) Salzburger Landesarchäologie & Salzburger Museum Carolino Augusteum, Salzburg
L. Maher (1981)
Statistics for microfossil concentration measurements employing samples spiked with marker grainsReview of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 32
Theophrastus.
Theophrastus: Enquiry into Plants, Volume I, Books 1-5 (Loeb Classical Library No. 70)
H Aspöck, N Boenke, W Kofler, K Oeggl, O Picher, T Stöllner (2007)
Die unteren Zehntausend - auf der Suche nach den Unterschichten der Eisenzeit. (Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichte Mitteleuropas 47) Beier & Beran
E Zander (1937)
Beiträge zur Herkunftsbestimmung bei Honig
E Hultén (1950)
Atlas of the distribution of vascular plants in NW Europe
E. Kvavadze, I. Gambashidze, Giorgi Mindiashvili, G. Gogochuri (2007)
The first find in southern Georgia of fossil honey from the Bronze Age, based on palynological dataVegetation History and Archaeobotany, 16
A Maurizio (1955)
Beiträge zur quantitativen Pollenanalyse des HonigsZschr Bienenforsch, 3
(2007)
The Dürrnberg miners during the Iron Age-new results by interdisciplinary research
U. Miller, H. Clarke (1997)
Environment and Vikings : scientific methods and techniques
W. Anna (2006)
POLLEN ANALYSIS OF BEE PRODUCTS FROM THE NORTH-EASTERN POLAND
S. Karg (2007)
Medieval Food Traditions in Northern Europe: PNM Publications from the National Museum. Studies in Archaeology and History
(2002)
Goppelsröder A (2002) Pflanzliche Funde aus dem keltischen Grabhügel Hohmichele, Gemeinde Altheim (Kreis Biberach)
(1994)
Honung, vax och mjöd. Biodling i Sverige under medeltid och 1500-tal
J. Dickson (1978)
Bronze age meadAntiquity, 52
S Karlsson (2000)
Vegetation history as a key to living conditions for domestic animals and man in Viking Age Birka
(1985)
Quantitative honigkundliche Untersuchungen am Sediment des Hochdorfer Mischkessels und an heutigem Honig
WD Hooper (2006)
On agriculture (Transl.)
(1989)
Palaeoethnobotany. A handbook of procedures
S. Agashe (1987)
G. Thanikaimoni (1938–1986)Grana, 26
Irene Swidrak (1999)
A Celtic, La Tène trade centre in Ramsautal in the Dürrnberg, Austria: Macrofossil data towards reconstruction of environment and food plantsVegetation History and Archaeobotany, 8
K. Faegri, L. Pijl (1967)
The principles of pollination ecology
(1995)
Der Dürrnberg bei Hallein–Ein Zentrum keltischer Kultur am Nordrand der Alpen
(1929)
Egekistfundet fra Egtved
Human coprolites from Birka, Sweden and Dürrnberg, Austria, have been found, dated and palynologically analysed as a part of interdisciplinary studies. All their pollen spectra are dominated by insect-pollinated taxa well-known as nectar producing flowers, suggesting some consumption of honey. Among those spectra, some show significantly high values of Filipendula ulmaria (meadowsweet) pollen, which was historically used as flavouring in mead production, and which together with other indicators for honey, suggest that mead was part of the historic and prehistoric diet both in Birka and Dürrnberg. An evaluation of the background pollen suggests for the Birka specimen that honey was imported to the site from southern Baltic areas. The use of mead based on written sources is known at least from the Roman period. Archaeological studies demonstrate mead as an old crust residue on the inside of pots and other earthenware used as important funeral gifts from at least the 27th–25th centuries b.c. in Georgia. A comparison of the pollen records of European honey/mead samples strongly suggests that Filipendula is indicative of mead.
Vegetation History and Archaeobotany – Springer Journals
Published: Nov 6, 2013
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.