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Optical interferometry in superfluid3He-B

Optical interferometry in superfluid3He-B We report interferometric measurements on 0.1 ... 1 mm thick films of superfluid 3He-B. The menisci of three different rotational states of the superfluid were observed and analyzed theoretically using two-fluid hydrodynamics: These are (i) the equilibrium vortex state in which the superfluid and the normal components corotate (solid body rotation), (ii) the vortex-free state (the Landau state), in which only the normal component rotates, and (iii) the quasistationary vortex state in which only the superfluid fraction rotates (pure superfluid rotation). The Landau state manifested itself by a reduced parabolic meniscus at rotation speeds below the critical angular velocity Ω ≲ 0.2 rad/s for vortex formation. Transition from the Landau state to the equilibrium vortex state yielded a sudden deepening of the meniscus when Ωc was exceeded. After a rapid halt of the cryostat, we observed a novel meniscus which was produced by the superfluid rotation while the normal component was at rest. The enhanced depth of this meniscus is governed by the reactive mutual friction parameter B'.By employing laser light, both for imaging and for thermomechanical excitation, we measured the response of a thin superfluid layer to a heat pulse and analyzed it within the theory of two-fluid hydrodynamics. The data were employed, using the dispersion relation for thin film oscillations, to deduce the second viscosity coefficient ζ 3 close to Tc. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of Low Temperature Physics Springer Journals

Optical interferometry in superfluid3He-B

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References (35)

Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright
Subject
Physics; Condensed Matter Physics; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Magnetism, Magnetic Materials
ISSN
0022-2291
eISSN
1573-7357
DOI
10.1007/BF00755122
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

We report interferometric measurements on 0.1 ... 1 mm thick films of superfluid 3He-B. The menisci of three different rotational states of the superfluid were observed and analyzed theoretically using two-fluid hydrodynamics: These are (i) the equilibrium vortex state in which the superfluid and the normal components corotate (solid body rotation), (ii) the vortex-free state (the Landau state), in which only the normal component rotates, and (iii) the quasistationary vortex state in which only the superfluid fraction rotates (pure superfluid rotation). The Landau state manifested itself by a reduced parabolic meniscus at rotation speeds below the critical angular velocity Ω ≲ 0.2 rad/s for vortex formation. Transition from the Landau state to the equilibrium vortex state yielded a sudden deepening of the meniscus when Ωc was exceeded. After a rapid halt of the cryostat, we observed a novel meniscus which was produced by the superfluid rotation while the normal component was at rest. The enhanced depth of this meniscus is governed by the reactive mutual friction parameter B'.By employing laser light, both for imaging and for thermomechanical excitation, we measured the response of a thin superfluid layer to a heat pulse and analyzed it within the theory of two-fluid hydrodynamics. The data were employed, using the dispersion relation for thin film oscillations, to deduce the second viscosity coefficient ζ 3 close to Tc.

Journal

Journal of Low Temperature PhysicsSpringer Journals

Published: Nov 22, 2004

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