Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
(1998)
Linking aboveground and below-ground food webs: how plant reponses to foliar herbivory influence soil organisms
(1998)
Impact of elevated CO
A. Bristow, D. Whitehead, J. Cockburn (1992)
Nitrogenous constituents in the urine of cattle, sheep and goatsJournal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 59
A. Black, R. Sherlock, N. Smith (1987)
Effect of timing of simulated rainfall on ammonia volatilization from urea, applied to soil of varyingmoisture contentEuropean Journal of Soil Science, 38
Impact of elevated CO 2 on the metabolic diversity of microbial communities in Nlimited grass swards
D. Wardle (1992)
A COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE MICROBIAL BIOMASS CARBON AND NITROGEN LEVELS IN SOILBiological Reviews, 67
J. Neal, R. Larson, T. Atkinson (1973)
Changes in rhizosphere populations of selected physiological groups of bacteria related to substitution of specific pairs of chromosomes in spring wheatPlant and Soil, 39
B. Williams, D. Silcock (1997)
Nutrient and microbial changes in the peat profile beneath Sphagnum magellanicum in response to additions of ammonium nitrateJournal of Applied Ecology, 34
A. Meharg, K. Killham (1990)
The effect of soil pH on rhizosphere carbon flow of Lolium perennePlant and Soil, 123
Shifts in microbial community structure across a range of grasslands of differing management intensity
J. Dormaar, A. Johnston, S. Smoliak (1984)
Seasonal changes in carbon content, and dehydrogenase, phosphatase, and urease activities in mixed prairie and fescue grassland Ah horizons.Journal of Range Management, 37
J. Zak, M. Willig, D. Moorhead, H. Wildman (1994)
Functional diversity of microbial communities: A quantitative approachSoil Biology & Biochemistry, 26
J. Garland (1996)
Analytical approaches to the characterization of samples of microbial communities using patterns of potential C source utilizationSoil Biology & Biochemistry, 28
C. Campbell, S. Grayston, D. Hirst (1997)
Use of rhizosphere carbon sources in sole carbon source tests to discriminate soil microbial communitiesJournal of Microbiological Methods, 30
H. Insam, A. Rangger, W. HlTZL (1996)
The Effect of Grazing on Soil Microbial Biomass and Community on Alpine Pastures
C. Marriott, G. Hudson, D. Hamilton, R. Neilson, B. Boag, L. Handley, J. Wishart, C. Scrimgeour, D. Robinson (1997)
Spatial variability of soil total C and N and their stable isotopes in an upland Scottish grasslandPlant and Soil, 196
S. Grayston, C. Campbell, J. Lutze, R. Gifford (1998)
Impact of elevated CO2 on the metabolic diversity of microbial communities in N-limited grass swardsPlant and Soil, 203
H. Bolton, J. Fredrickson, L. Elliott, F. Metting (1992)
Microbial ecology of the rhizosphere.
labelled material leached from the rhizosphere of plants supplied with 14 CO 2
C. Campbell, S. Chapman, F. Urquhart (1995)
Effect of nitrogen fertiliser on temporal and spatial variation of mineral nitrogen and microbial biomass in a silvopastoral systemBiology and Fertility of Soils, 19
(2000)
Shifts in microbial community structure across a range of grasslands
S. Grayston, Shen Wang, C. Campbell, A. Edwards (1998)
Selective influence of plant species on microbial diversity in the rhizosphereSoil Biology & Biochemistry, 30
B. Williams, C. Shand, M. Hill, C. O'Hara, S. Smith, M. Young (1995)
A procedure for the simultaneous oxidation of total soluble nitrogen and phosphorus in extracts of fresh and fumigated soils and littersCommunications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 26
Jk Martin (1971)
14c-Labelled Material Leached From the Rhizosphere of Plants Supplied with 14co2Australian Journal of Biological Sciences, 24
C. Shand, B. Williams, S. Smith, M. Young (2000)
Temporal changes in C, P and N concentrations in soil solution following application of synthetic sheep urine to a soil under grassPlant and Soil, 222
(1990)
Plant responses to herbivory and belowground nitrogen
R. Ruess, S. McNaughton (1987)
Grazing and the dynamics of nutrient and energy regulated microbial processes in the Serengeti grasslandsOikos, 49
W. Vahjen, J. Munch, C. Tebbe (1995)
Carbon source utilization of soil extracted microorganisms as a tool to detect the effects of soil supplemented with genetically engineered and non-engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum and a recombinant peptide at the community levelFEMS Microbiology Ecology, 18
T. Clough, R. Sherlock, K. Cameron, S. Ledgard (2004)
Fate of urine nitrogen on mineral and peat soils in New ZealandPlant and Soil, 178
N. Bathurst (1952)
The amino-acids of sheep and cow urineThe Journal of Agricultural Science, 42
R. Haynes, P. Williams (1993)
Nutrient cycling and soil fertility in the grazed pasture ecosystemAdvances in Agronomy, 49
B. Williams, C. Shand, S. Sellers, M. Young (1999)
Impact of synthetic sheep urine on N and P in two pastures in the Scottish uplandsPlant and Soil, 214
R. Bardgett, D. Wardle, G. Yeates (1998)
Linking above-ground and below-ground interactions: How plant responses to foliar herbivory influence soil organismsSoil Biology & Biochemistry, 30
J. Garland, A. Mills (1991)
Classification and Characterization of Heterotrophic Microbial Communities on the Basis of Patterns of Community-Level Sole-Carbon-Source UtilizationApplied and Environmental Microbiology, 57
E. Holland, J. Detling (1990)
Plant Response to Herbivory and Belowground Nitrogen CyclingEcology, 71
S. Grayston, G. Griffith, J. Mawdsley, C. Campbell, R. Bardgett (2001)
Accounting for variability in soil microbial communities of temperate upland grassland ecosystemsSoil Biology & Biochemistry, 33
E. Garwood (1967)
SEASONAL VARIATION IN APPEARANCE AND GROWTH OF GRASS ROOTSGrass and Forage Science, 22
(1997)
The soils of Glensaugh Research Station, Kincardineshire, Scotland
H. Miller, G. Henken, J. Veen (1989)
Variation and composition of bacterial populations in the rhizospheres of maize, wheat, and grass cultivarsCanadian Journal of Microbiology, 35
W. Crooke, W. Simpson (1971)
Determination of ammonium in Kjeldahl digests of crops by an automated procedureJournal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 22
The impact of urine on the microbial biomass, activity and community structure was compared in the soil beneath two pastures in the Scottish uplands; Fasset, a natural Agrostis capillaris–Festuca ovina–Galium saxatile grassland and Strathfinella, a semi-natural grassland, improved with fertiliser addition. Community level physiological profiles (CLPP) were used to characterise the microbial communities. The utilisation of sugars, oligosaccharides, alcohols, carboxylic acids, long chain aliphatic acids, acidic, basic and neutral amino acids, amide N, phenolic acids and long chain aliphatic acids was used to compare the soils and the impact of synthetic urine addition. In the untreated soils, the utilisation of all the substrates decreased from the first week in May through to October. Averaged over all times and urine treatment, the potential utilisation of all substrates except for phenolic acids, long chain aliphatic acids and carboxylic acids was greater in the improved and more intensively grazed Strathfinella site. When averaged over all sample times, urine increased the utilisation of sugars, oligosaccharides, basic amino acids and amide N and the increases were greater in the unimproved, less intensively grazed, Fasset soil than that at Strathfinella. The effect of urine tended to be greatest during the period between 2 and 5 weeks after urine addition when utilisation of alcohols, acidic and neutral amino acids was also increased. Microbial biomass C in the control soils was 155.9 and 112.7 g C m −2 at Fasset and Strathfinella, respectively. Values did not change significantly with time and were unchanged by the addition of urine. However, urine addition significantly increased basal respiration rates at Fasset and decreased them at Strathfinella. Urine also increased bacterial numbers in both soils, but had no consistent effect on fungi or yeasts. The significance of these findings for studies of soil microbial community structure and activity in grazed upland grasslands is discussed.
Plant and Soil – Springer Journals
Published: Oct 1, 2000
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.