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Effect of partial oxidation and repolarization of TiC-derived nanoporous carbon electrodes on supercapacitor performance using a pH-neutral aqueous electrolyte

Effect of partial oxidation and repolarization of TiC-derived nanoporous carbon electrodes on... The present study considers TiC-derived carbon (CDC) and its partially oxidized derivative (ox-red-CDC) as potential electrode materials for pH-neutral aqueous electrolytes. The CDC was converted to ox-red-CDC by a modified Hummers’ method involving back-reduction with hydrogen at 800 °C. Oxidation degraded the graphitic CDC structures, as shown by X-ray diffraction analysis, while scanning electron microscopy confirmed the exfoliation of graphene layers on the oxidized carbon surface. The changes in the surface chemistry of the carbon materials were studied by infrared, X-ray photoelectron, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The gas adsorption analysis showed a slight decrease in the volume of the subnanometer-sized pores during oxidation/reduction of CDC. To elucidate the relationships between the structure and electrochemical properties of carbon materials, cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic cycling, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements were performed in 1 M Na2SO4 using 2- and 3-electrode test cells. The highest capacitance of 163 F g−1 was demonstrated by pristine TiC-derived CDC in a symmetric 2-electrode cell. The asymmetric cell, which contained ox-red-CDC as an anode and pristine CDC as a cathode, had a slightly lower capacitance but an excellent cycling lifetime (specific capacitance increased by 7% after 5000 cycles). Temporary repolarization of 2-electrode cells during cycling improved both capacitance and power characteristics.Graphical abstract[graphic not available: see fulltext] http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry Springer Journals

Effect of partial oxidation and repolarization of TiC-derived nanoporous carbon electrodes on supercapacitor performance using a pH-neutral aqueous electrolyte

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References (66)

Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
ISSN
1432-8488
eISSN
1433-0768
DOI
10.1007/s10008-022-05253-4
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

The present study considers TiC-derived carbon (CDC) and its partially oxidized derivative (ox-red-CDC) as potential electrode materials for pH-neutral aqueous electrolytes. The CDC was converted to ox-red-CDC by a modified Hummers’ method involving back-reduction with hydrogen at 800 °C. Oxidation degraded the graphitic CDC structures, as shown by X-ray diffraction analysis, while scanning electron microscopy confirmed the exfoliation of graphene layers on the oxidized carbon surface. The changes in the surface chemistry of the carbon materials were studied by infrared, X-ray photoelectron, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The gas adsorption analysis showed a slight decrease in the volume of the subnanometer-sized pores during oxidation/reduction of CDC. To elucidate the relationships between the structure and electrochemical properties of carbon materials, cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic cycling, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements were performed in 1 M Na2SO4 using 2- and 3-electrode test cells. The highest capacitance of 163 F g−1 was demonstrated by pristine TiC-derived CDC in a symmetric 2-electrode cell. The asymmetric cell, which contained ox-red-CDC as an anode and pristine CDC as a cathode, had a slightly lower capacitance but an excellent cycling lifetime (specific capacitance increased by 7% after 5000 cycles). Temporary repolarization of 2-electrode cells during cycling improved both capacitance and power characteristics.Graphical abstract[graphic not available: see fulltext]

Journal

Journal of Solid State ElectrochemistrySpringer Journals

Published: Nov 1, 2022

Keywords: Nanoporous carbon; Carbide-derived carbon; Electrical double-layer capacitor; pH neutral electrolyte; Aqueous electrolyte

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