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Candidiasis of the Central Nervous System in Neonates and Children With Primary Immunodeficiencies

Candidiasis of the Central Nervous System in Neonates and Children With Primary Immunodeficiencies Purpose of review Candida infections of the central nervous system (CNS) are a life-threatening complication of invasive infections that most often affect vulnerable groups of patients, including neonates and children with primary immunodeficiency disorders (PID). Here, we review the currently known risk factors for CNS candidiasis, focusing predominantly on the PID caused by biallelic mutations in CARD9. Recent findings How the CNS is protected itself against fungal invasion is poorly understood. CARD9 promotes neutrophil recruitment and function, and is the only molecule shown to be critical for protection against CNS candidiasis in humans thus far. Summary Fundamental insights into the pathogenesis of CNS candidiasis gained from studying rare CARD9-deficient patients has significant implications for other patients at risk for this disease, such as CARD9-sufficient neonates. These findings will be important for the development of adjunctive immune-based therapies, which are urgently needed to tackle the global burden of invasive fungal diseases. . . . . . Keywords Candida Candidiasis CARD9 Neutrophils Brain Neonates Introduction Involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) is a major complication of invasive candidiasis in neonates [2]. Diagnosis Neonates, especially those of low birth weight and/or preterm of CNS candidiasis is fraught with difficulty, since signs http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Current Fungal Infection Reports Springer Journals

Candidiasis of the Central Nervous System in Neonates and Children With Primary Immunodeficiencies

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References (45)

Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © 2018 by This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply
Subject
Medicine & Public Health; Infectious Diseases; Internal Medicine; Tropical Medicine; Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine; Pneumology/Respiratory System
ISSN
1936-3761
eISSN
1936-377X
DOI
10.1007/s12281-018-0316-y
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Purpose of review Candida infections of the central nervous system (CNS) are a life-threatening complication of invasive infections that most often affect vulnerable groups of patients, including neonates and children with primary immunodeficiency disorders (PID). Here, we review the currently known risk factors for CNS candidiasis, focusing predominantly on the PID caused by biallelic mutations in CARD9. Recent findings How the CNS is protected itself against fungal invasion is poorly understood. CARD9 promotes neutrophil recruitment and function, and is the only molecule shown to be critical for protection against CNS candidiasis in humans thus far. Summary Fundamental insights into the pathogenesis of CNS candidiasis gained from studying rare CARD9-deficient patients has significant implications for other patients at risk for this disease, such as CARD9-sufficient neonates. These findings will be important for the development of adjunctive immune-based therapies, which are urgently needed to tackle the global burden of invasive fungal diseases. . . . . . Keywords Candida Candidiasis CARD9 Neutrophils Brain Neonates Introduction Involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) is a major complication of invasive candidiasis in neonates [2]. Diagnosis Neonates, especially those of low birth weight and/or preterm of CNS candidiasis is fraught with difficulty, since signs

Journal

Current Fungal Infection ReportsSpringer Journals

Published: May 8, 2018

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