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Behavioral and Brain Functions at 15

Behavioral and Brain Functions at 15 Crusio Behav Brain Funct (2020) 16:8 Behavioral and https://doi.org/10.1186/s12993-020-00170-w Brain Functions Open Access EDITORIAL Wim E. Crusio Fifteen years ago, on April 22, 2005, the first articles pub - multidisciplinary nature of our field, which draws from lished by the new journal Behavioral and Brain Functions psychology, psychiatry, ethology, neuroscience, genetics, (BBF) were made available online [1]. The journal was developmental biology, and more. As the journal’s aims the fruit of the enthusiastic efforts of Terje Sagvolden, state, we publish research providing insight into the neu- who would be editor-in-chief until his untimely death robiological mechanisms underlying behavior and brain in 2011 [2]. To the best of my knowledge, BBF was the function, or dysfunction, excluding only studies that are first behavioral neuroscience journal that was online-only purely clinical. and open-access (OA). While this may seem to be quite Over the years, the field has experienced significant out-of-the-ordinary nowadays, 15  years ago this was an growth, as the notion that the most important aspect of important innovation. Many journals were still paper- brain science is how the brain’s output gets translated only and just a short time before it had become clear into behavior gained more and more traction. To para- that non-paper, “electronic” journals were eligible to be phrase Theodosius Dobzhansky: Nothing in neurosci - included in MEDLINE/PubMed or the Science Citation ence makes sense except in the light of behavior. As a Index, or could obtain an impact factor. And although result, more and more neuroscience studies nowadays more general online-only OA journals had been estab- include at least some behavior. lished a few years earlier, it was not at all clear whether While Behavioral and Brain Functions covers the whole enough authors would be willing to forego paper and field of behavioral neuroscience, we are especially inter - submit to the fledgling journal. ested in covering work that addresses some of the key However, Terje’s instinct that the time was ripe for an issues that the field is facing. Two of the most pressing OA journal in the field of behavioral neuroscience proved issues are the validation of behavioral concepts [10] and to be correct and, from the start, the journal received the (related) replicability crisis [11]. Some of the failures many diverse first rate submissions. By now, 15  years to replicate behavioral results may be due to laboratory- later, the journal has established itself as a well-respected specific conditions. For example, Crabbe and colleagues voice in the field, publishing a variety of high-quality arti - showed that even rigorously standardized tests some- cles that are regularly cited in other journals, as shown by times give widely varying results in different laboratories its solid current impact factor of 2.125. [12]. (It should be stressed here that they also showed From the beginning, the journal published research that most tests were eminently replicable). on a diversity of organisms and this has continued to Other failures to replicate, however, lay on a whole dif- the present day. Indeed, recent published articles have ferent level. From the results of behavioral tests, both covered research on fruit flies [3, 4], zebrafish [5], the in animals and in humans, we infer behavioral concepts obligatory rodents [e.g., 6, 7], and humans [8, 9]. Also, such as spatial learning, anxiety, behavioral despair, etc. many different techniques are used in the articles that However, often enough tests that purportedly tap into we publish, a consequence of the interdisciplinary and the same behavioral construct do not correlate with each other [e.g., 13], indicating that perhaps our inferences are missing something. More research on what exactly our behavioral tests are measuring is urgently needed *Correspondence: wim.crusio@u‑bordeaux.fr University of Bordeaux and CNRS, Pessac, France and Behavioral and Brain Functions hopes to play a role © The Author(s) 2020. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creat iveco mmons .org/licen ses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creat iveco mmons .org/publi cdoma in/ zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. Crusio Behav Brain Funct (2020) 16:8 Page 2 of 2 4. Engel GL, Taber K, Vinton E, Crocker AJ. Studying alcohol use disorder in disseminating such work, be it in the form of research using Drosophila melanogaster in the era of ‘Big Data’. Behav Brain Funct. articles or reviews. 2019;15:7. Finally, at the occasion of our 15th anniversary, I would 5. Zhang S, Liu X, Sun M, Zhang Q, Li T, Li X, Xu J, Zhao X, Chen D, Feng X. Reversal of reserpine‑induced depression and cognitive disorder in like to express my sincere gratitude to all those who have zebrafish by sertraline and Traditional Chinese Medicine ( TCM). Behav worked tirelessly to get the journal where it currently Brain Funct. 2018;14:13. is: my predecessors as editors-in-chief, those who have 6. Malikovic J, Feyissa DD, Kalaba P, Marouf BS, Hoger H, Hartmann MF, Wudy SA, Schuler G, Lubec G, Aradska J, et al. Age and cognitive status depend‑ served as associate editors, and the members of the edi- ent differences in blood steroid and thyroid hormone concentrations in torial board. Many thanks are also due to our authors for intact male rats. Behav Brain Funct. 2019;15:10. submitting their work to us for consideration for publi- 7. Lan A, Stein D, Portillo M, Toiber D, Kofman O. Impaired innate and conditioned social behavior in adult C57Bl6/J mice prenatally exposed to cation, but above all I want to recognize our unheralded chlorpyrifos. Behav Brain Funct. 2019;15:2. reviewers, who selflessly donate their time, effort, and 8. Hayakawa S, Marian V. Consequences of multilingualism for neural archi‑ expertise to maintain the quality of our journal. tecture. Behav Brain Funct. 2019;15:6. 9. Mock J, Huber S, Bloechle J, Dietrich JF, Bahnmueller J, Rennig J, Klein E, While celebrating the successful past 15  years, we Moeller K. Magnitude processing of symbolic and non‑symbolic propor ‑ look forward with anticipation to the future and further tions: an fMRI study. Behav Brain Funct. 2018;14:9. growth of our journal! 10. Crusio WE. Key issues in contemporary behavioral genetics. Curr Opin Behav Sci. 2015;2:89–95. 11. Kafkafi N, Agassi J, Chesler EJ, Crabbe JC, Crusio WE, Eilam D, Gerlai R, Golani I, Gomez‑Marin A, Heller R, et al. Reproducibility and replicability of rodent phenotyping in preclinical studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2018;87:218–32. 12. Crabbe JC, Wahlsten D, Dudek BC. Genetics of mouse behavior: interac‑ tions with laboratory environment. Science. 1999;284(5420):1670–2. 13. Mineur YS, Belzung C, Crusio WE. Eec ff ts of unpredictable chronic mild References stress on anxiety and depression‑like behavior in mice. Behav Brain Res. 1. Sagvolden T. Behavioral and brain functions. A new journal. Behav Brain 2006;175:43–50. Funct. 2005;1:1. 2. Sergeant J, Aase H, Faraone SV, Johansen E, Kalaria R, Meyer A, Russell V, Sadile A, Sonuga‑Barke E, Tannock R. In memoriam Terje Sagvolden. Publisher’s Note Behav Brain Funct. 2011;7:5. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in pub‑ 3. Chauhan V, Chauhan A. Traumatic injury in female Drosophila mela- lished maps and institutional affiliations. nogaster affects the development and induces behavioral abnormalities in the offspring. Behav Brain Funct. 2019;15:11. Ready to submit your research ? Choose BMC and benefit from: fast, convenient online submission thorough peer review by experienced researchers in your field rapid publication on acceptance support for research data, including large and complex data types • gold Open Access which fosters wider collaboration and increased citations maximum visibility for your research: over 100M website views per year At BMC, research is always in progress. Learn more biomedcentral.com/submissions http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Behavioral and Brain Functions Springer Journals

Behavioral and Brain Functions at 15

Crusio, Wim E.
Behavioral and Brain Functions , Volume 16 (1) – Oct 23, 2020
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Springer Journals
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Copyright © The Author(s) 2020
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1744-9081
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10.1186/s12993-020-00170-w
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Abstract

Crusio Behav Brain Funct (2020) 16:8 Behavioral and https://doi.org/10.1186/s12993-020-00170-w Brain Functions Open Access EDITORIAL Wim E. Crusio Fifteen years ago, on April 22, 2005, the first articles pub - multidisciplinary nature of our field, which draws from lished by the new journal Behavioral and Brain Functions psychology, psychiatry, ethology, neuroscience, genetics, (BBF) were made available online [1]. The journal was developmental biology, and more. As the journal’s aims the fruit of the enthusiastic efforts of Terje Sagvolden, state, we publish research providing insight into the neu- who would be editor-in-chief until his untimely death robiological mechanisms underlying behavior and brain in 2011 [2]. To the best of my knowledge, BBF was the function, or dysfunction, excluding only studies that are first behavioral neuroscience journal that was online-only purely clinical. and open-access (OA). While this may seem to be quite Over the years, the field has experienced significant out-of-the-ordinary nowadays, 15  years ago this was an growth, as the notion that the most important aspect of important innovation. Many journals were still paper- brain science is how the brain’s output gets translated only and just a short time before it had become clear into behavior gained more and more traction. To para- that non-paper, “electronic” journals were eligible to be phrase Theodosius Dobzhansky: Nothing in neurosci - included in MEDLINE/PubMed or the Science Citation ence makes sense except in the light of behavior. As a Index, or could obtain an impact factor. And although result, more and more neuroscience studies nowadays more general online-only OA journals had been estab- include at least some behavior. lished a few years earlier, it was not at all clear whether While Behavioral and Brain Functions covers the whole enough authors would be willing to forego paper and field of behavioral neuroscience, we are especially inter - submit to the fledgling journal. ested in covering work that addresses some of the key However, Terje’s instinct that the time was ripe for an issues that the field is facing. Two of the most pressing OA journal in the field of behavioral neuroscience proved issues are the validation of behavioral concepts [10] and to be correct and, from the start, the journal received the (related) replicability crisis [11]. Some of the failures many diverse first rate submissions. By now, 15  years to replicate behavioral results may be due to laboratory- later, the journal has established itself as a well-respected specific conditions. For example, Crabbe and colleagues voice in the field, publishing a variety of high-quality arti - showed that even rigorously standardized tests some- cles that are regularly cited in other journals, as shown by times give widely varying results in different laboratories its solid current impact factor of 2.125. [12]. (It should be stressed here that they also showed From the beginning, the journal published research that most tests were eminently replicable). on a diversity of organisms and this has continued to Other failures to replicate, however, lay on a whole dif- the present day. Indeed, recent published articles have ferent level. From the results of behavioral tests, both covered research on fruit flies [3, 4], zebrafish [5], the in animals and in humans, we infer behavioral concepts obligatory rodents [e.g., 6, 7], and humans [8, 9]. Also, such as spatial learning, anxiety, behavioral despair, etc. many different techniques are used in the articles that However, often enough tests that purportedly tap into we publish, a consequence of the interdisciplinary and the same behavioral construct do not correlate with each other [e.g., 13], indicating that perhaps our inferences are missing something. More research on what exactly our behavioral tests are measuring is urgently needed *Correspondence: wim.crusio@u‑bordeaux.fr University of Bordeaux and CNRS, Pessac, France and Behavioral and Brain Functions hopes to play a role © The Author(s) 2020. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creat iveco mmons .org/licen ses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creat iveco mmons .org/publi cdoma in/ zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. Crusio Behav Brain Funct (2020) 16:8 Page 2 of 2 4. Engel GL, Taber K, Vinton E, Crocker AJ. Studying alcohol use disorder in disseminating such work, be it in the form of research using Drosophila melanogaster in the era of ‘Big Data’. Behav Brain Funct. articles or reviews. 2019;15:7. Finally, at the occasion of our 15th anniversary, I would 5. Zhang S, Liu X, Sun M, Zhang Q, Li T, Li X, Xu J, Zhao X, Chen D, Feng X. Reversal of reserpine‑induced depression and cognitive disorder in like to express my sincere gratitude to all those who have zebrafish by sertraline and Traditional Chinese Medicine ( TCM). Behav worked tirelessly to get the journal where it currently Brain Funct. 2018;14:13. is: my predecessors as editors-in-chief, those who have 6. Malikovic J, Feyissa DD, Kalaba P, Marouf BS, Hoger H, Hartmann MF, Wudy SA, Schuler G, Lubec G, Aradska J, et al. Age and cognitive status depend‑ served as associate editors, and the members of the edi- ent differences in blood steroid and thyroid hormone concentrations in torial board. Many thanks are also due to our authors for intact male rats. Behav Brain Funct. 2019;15:10. submitting their work to us for consideration for publi- 7. Lan A, Stein D, Portillo M, Toiber D, Kofman O. Impaired innate and conditioned social behavior in adult C57Bl6/J mice prenatally exposed to cation, but above all I want to recognize our unheralded chlorpyrifos. Behav Brain Funct. 2019;15:2. reviewers, who selflessly donate their time, effort, and 8. Hayakawa S, Marian V. Consequences of multilingualism for neural archi‑ expertise to maintain the quality of our journal. tecture. Behav Brain Funct. 2019;15:6. 9. Mock J, Huber S, Bloechle J, Dietrich JF, Bahnmueller J, Rennig J, Klein E, While celebrating the successful past 15  years, we Moeller K. Magnitude processing of symbolic and non‑symbolic propor ‑ look forward with anticipation to the future and further tions: an fMRI study. Behav Brain Funct. 2018;14:9. growth of our journal! 10. Crusio WE. Key issues in contemporary behavioral genetics. Curr Opin Behav Sci. 2015;2:89–95. 11. Kafkafi N, Agassi J, Chesler EJ, Crabbe JC, Crusio WE, Eilam D, Gerlai R, Golani I, Gomez‑Marin A, Heller R, et al. Reproducibility and replicability of rodent phenotyping in preclinical studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2018;87:218–32. 12. Crabbe JC, Wahlsten D, Dudek BC. Genetics of mouse behavior: interac‑ tions with laboratory environment. Science. 1999;284(5420):1670–2. 13. Mineur YS, Belzung C, Crusio WE. Eec ff ts of unpredictable chronic mild References stress on anxiety and depression‑like behavior in mice. Behav Brain Res. 1. Sagvolden T. Behavioral and brain functions. A new journal. Behav Brain 2006;175:43–50. Funct. 2005;1:1. 2. Sergeant J, Aase H, Faraone SV, Johansen E, Kalaria R, Meyer A, Russell V, Sadile A, Sonuga‑Barke E, Tannock R. In memoriam Terje Sagvolden. Publisher’s Note Behav Brain Funct. 2011;7:5. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in pub‑ 3. Chauhan V, Chauhan A. Traumatic injury in female Drosophila mela- lished maps and institutional affiliations. nogaster affects the development and induces behavioral abnormalities in the offspring. Behav Brain Funct. 2019;15:11. Ready to submit your research ? Choose BMC and benefit from: fast, convenient online submission thorough peer review by experienced researchers in your field rapid publication on acceptance support for research data, including large and complex data types • gold Open Access which fosters wider collaboration and increased citations maximum visibility for your research: over 100M website views per year At BMC, research is always in progress. Learn more biomedcentral.com/submissions

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