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A Practical Approach to Adolescent Bone Health Physical Activity to Promote Bone Health in Adolescents

A Practical Approach to Adolescent Bone Health : Physical Activity to Promote Bone Health in... [Physical activity (PA) and inactivity during adolescence have implications for short- and long-term bone health. Given the mechanical role of the skeleton, it follows that skeletal tissue can respond and adapt to its mechanical environment. The time prior to and including physical maturation during adolescence affords a “window of opportunity” to take advantage of skeletal mechanoadaptability. It is during adolescence when the skeleton is not only increasing in length but also rapidly in mass, cross-sectional size, and strength. PA to increase peak bone mass is advocated as a means to offset the increase in low-trauma fracture risk associated with aging; however, the bone mass benefits of PA acquired during adolescence appear to be ultimately lost with aging. In contrast, a mechanism and evidence exist for the lifelong maintenance of the bone size and strength benefits of PA gained when young. The current chapter details the evidence for the lifelong benefit of PA during adolescence and discusses the design of physical activities to enhance bone adaptation among youth. Ultimately, it is concluded that power-based activities involving high-magnitude and rapid movements in multiple directions are most beneficial and that these need to be performed in short bouts more than 3 days per week and a couple of times per day. Finally, the chapter concludes with a mini-vignette providing examples of how to encourage a sedentary adolescent and their family perform appropriate PA to optimize bone size and strength.] http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png

A Practical Approach to Adolescent Bone Health Physical Activity to Promote Bone Health in Adolescents

Editors: Pitts, Sarah; Gordon, Catherine M.
Warden, Stuart J.; Fuchs, Robyn K.
A Practical Approach to Adolescent Bone Health — Feb 10, 2018
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References (107)

Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Copyright
© Springer International Publishing AG 2018
ISBN
978-3-319-72879-7
Pages
53 –76
DOI
10.1007/978-3-319-72880-3_4
Publisher site
See Chapter on Publisher Site

Abstract

[Physical activity (PA) and inactivity during adolescence have implications for short- and long-term bone health. Given the mechanical role of the skeleton, it follows that skeletal tissue can respond and adapt to its mechanical environment. The time prior to and including physical maturation during adolescence affords a “window of opportunity” to take advantage of skeletal mechanoadaptability. It is during adolescence when the skeleton is not only increasing in length but also rapidly in mass, cross-sectional size, and strength. PA to increase peak bone mass is advocated as a means to offset the increase in low-trauma fracture risk associated with aging; however, the bone mass benefits of PA acquired during adolescence appear to be ultimately lost with aging. In contrast, a mechanism and evidence exist for the lifelong maintenance of the bone size and strength benefits of PA gained when young. The current chapter details the evidence for the lifelong benefit of PA during adolescence and discusses the design of physical activities to enhance bone adaptation among youth. Ultimately, it is concluded that power-based activities involving high-magnitude and rapid movements in multiple directions are most beneficial and that these need to be performed in short bouts more than 3 days per week and a couple of times per day. Finally, the chapter concludes with a mini-vignette providing examples of how to encourage a sedentary adolescent and their family perform appropriate PA to optimize bone size and strength.]

Published: Feb 10, 2018

Keywords: Bone mass; Bone structure; Exercise; Mechanical loading; Mechanotransduction; Physical activity

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