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Fabrication of nonlinear optical devices in ionically self-assembled monolayers

Fabrication of nonlinear optical devices in ionically self-assembled monolayers The development of both “soft” and “hard” fabrication techniques for the patterning of nonlinear photonic devices in ionically self-assembled monolayer (ISAM) films is reported. A combination of electron beam lithography and reactive ion etching was used to pattern two-dimensional holes with a lattice of 710 nm and diameters ranging from 550 to 650 nm . A soft alternative to this fabrication was also demonstrated. Nanoimprint lithography was successfully employed to pattern similar photonic structures with average hole diameters of 490 nm and a lattice spacing of 750 nm , as well as Bragg gratings with a period of 620 nm . Potential impact of this fabrication process on the chemical composition and nonlinear properties of the ISAM films was assessed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and second harmonic generation. The spectroscopy techniques confirmed that the chemical composition and bonding of the ISAM films was not adversely affected by the thermal cycles required for nanoimprinting. Second harmonic generation analysis also confirmed that the nanoimprinting process did not affect the nonlinear properties of the material, PCBS/PAH ISAM films, further indicating the suitability of such materials for the nanoimprinting of nonlinear optical photonic structures. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS and MOEMS SPIE

Fabrication of nonlinear optical devices in ionically self-assembled monolayers

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References (47)

Publisher
SPIE
Copyright
Copyright © 2009 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers
ISSN
1932-5150
eISSN
1932-5134
DOI
10.1117/1.3066521
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

The development of both “soft” and “hard” fabrication techniques for the patterning of nonlinear photonic devices in ionically self-assembled monolayer (ISAM) films is reported. A combination of electron beam lithography and reactive ion etching was used to pattern two-dimensional holes with a lattice of 710 nm and diameters ranging from 550 to 650 nm . A soft alternative to this fabrication was also demonstrated. Nanoimprint lithography was successfully employed to pattern similar photonic structures with average hole diameters of 490 nm and a lattice spacing of 750 nm , as well as Bragg gratings with a period of 620 nm . Potential impact of this fabrication process on the chemical composition and nonlinear properties of the ISAM films was assessed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and second harmonic generation. The spectroscopy techniques confirmed that the chemical composition and bonding of the ISAM films was not adversely affected by the thermal cycles required for nanoimprinting. Second harmonic generation analysis also confirmed that the nanoimprinting process did not affect the nonlinear properties of the material, PCBS/PAH ISAM films, further indicating the suitability of such materials for the nanoimprinting of nonlinear optical photonic structures.

Journal

Journal of Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS and MOEMS – SPIE

Published: Jan 1, 2009

Keywords: ionically self-assembled monolayers; nanoimprint lithography; nonlinear optical materials; photonic crystals

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