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Notes and Documents Locating the Battle of Rosillo: A Newly Discovered Map Indicates the Likely Site of the 1813 Battle where the First Republic of Texas Was Born Robert P. Marshall he importance of the Battle of Medina—the bloodiest in Texas history—has become more widely recognized in recent Tyears. On August 18, 1813, Spanish royalist commander Joaquín de Arredondo routed a multinational republican army originally organized by José Bernardo Gutiérrez de Lara and Augustus W. Magee, effectively destroying armed resistance to colonial rule in Texas until the indepen- dence of Mexico in 1821. Still overlooked, though, is the Battle of Rosillo, the March 29, 1813, victor y for the rebels that led to the first, albeit short- lived, Republic of Texas. This neglect even extends to the misplacement of the monument commemorating the battle, but a new discover y makes knowing the likely location possible. The present author has found a color-coded original of a Decem- ber1876 map of the Goliad Road by surveyor W. H. Owen in a stack of maps awaiting cataloging and filing in the Bexar County Spanish Archives. The newly discovered 1876 map (frontispiece) shows the routes of both the “New” and the “Old” roads
Southwestern Historical Quarterly – Southwest Center (Univ of Arizona)
Published: Mar 16, 2015
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