Access the full text.
Sign up today, get unlimited access with DeepDyve Pro!
include spatial knowledge-based measures to evaluate SVS prototypes as well as to assess the relationship between spatial knowledge and spatial awareness. Using the Landmark – Route – Survey Framework ...
] is used as the theoretical framework . This model suggests that environmental knowledge occurs in three distinct hierarchical steps, namely Landmark (i.e., figurative memory of environmental objects), Route ...
process humans use to determine and follow a route between an origin and a destination (Golledge, 1999). Wayfinding behaviors and cognitive strategies depend critically on spatial knowledge about landmarks ...
‘objects’ and ‘ landmarks ’. This information was then subsequently related to the two types of navigation behaviours, ‘ route -following’ and ‘wayfinding’, which can be used to characterise participating crowds ...
in the environment, called landmarks , on spatial navigation abilities is widely investigated. Even though it lacks a clear definition, the term landmark is most commonly used for visually salient objects ...
of orienteering problems with high speed. Framework allows to develop implementations of its components in independent modular way so that created components could be used in other OP solutions with minimal changes ...
a city [17]. Meaningful urban elements—paths, nodes, districts, landmarks and edges—are described as fundamental bricks that shape the representation of the city and influence individuals’ spatial ...
, and residents had few local avenues for protecting cultural resources. Few survey participants were familiar with landmarks programs and preservation incentives, but they believed recording stories about ...
et al., Rotejanaprasert et al., and Kline et al. additionally accommodate spatial trends in transmission and delay dynamics [14,17,19]. Relatedly, Reich et al. use a generalized additive model ...
in greatest conservation need. Many of these SWAPs cite survey -wide and state-wide BBS trends in their species assessments, and/or incorporate BBS data through a PIF assessment framework to evaluate ...
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get unlimited access with DeepDyve Pro!