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Preliminary Notes on the Effect of Roentgen Rays on Sulfonamides in Vitro

Preliminary Notes on the Effect of Roentgen Rays on Sulfonamides in Vitro Preliminary Notes on the Effect of Roentgen Rays on Sulfonamides in Vitro Ivan C. C. Tchaperoff , M.D., D.M.R. and E. , Formerly Assistant Radiologist to the Vancouver General Hospital Vancouver, B. C. Excerpt In the past few years much attention has been given to the treatment of infective lesions with sulfonamides and roentgen rays. It is now a generally accepted fact that while either method of treatment may, in certain cases, be equally beneficial, the two should not be used together (1, 2, 3). Clinical observations have indicated that a combination of adequate sulfonamide treatment, internally, with roentgen therapy, coincidentally, fails to check the inflammatory process and may even have a definitely deleterious effect. This observation does not appear to apply to the use of small quantities of sulfonamides to clean chronically infected growths which are receiving large doses of irradiation. The poor results obtained by the combined use of roentgen rays and sulfonamides would appear contradictory. As no experimental work on the subject could be found, it was decided to investigate it. It has been recognized for many years that radiation is capable of bringing about chemical changes in certain compounds, though, as a matter of fact, these changes are few in number. Clark (4) quotes the work of Stenstrom and Lohmann (5), who have shown that certain amino acids are altered by radiation and that tyrosine is changed in the phenol group. One of the best known chemical changes produced by the roentgen rays, though it has little application today, is the decolorization of methylene blue (6 and 7). In the case of this chemical, it has been shown that in an aqueous solution there is an optimum concentration at which the change is most marked, but it is retarded or even prevented by a very small concentration of acetone. Morse and Fricke (8), who made this latter observation, offer no explanation for it. In the case of fuchsin, it has been shown that roentgen rays initiate a primary change which takes time to develop (9); that is to say, if the fuchsin in a solution is measured twenty-four hours after irradiation, more destruction of the dye will be noted than immediately following irradiation. These investigations were made in an attempt to find a chemical reaction similar to the physical reaction displayed by the Sabouraud-Noire pastilles, but of greater accuracy, as a measure of radiation dosage. For various reasons, among them the difficulty of knowing how much radiation was absorbed by the chemical container and the fact that no simple compound could be found which responded equally well over a wide band of kilovoltages, the methods were never adopted to any extent, and with the advent of satisfactory methods of measuring x-ray intensity by ionization, interest in such compounds lapsed. The earlier work on these indicators showed that the changes produced in tyrosine were proportional to the dosage as measured in roentgens, while those produced in methylene blue were not. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Radiology Radiological Society of North America, Inc.

Preliminary Notes on the Effect of Roentgen Rays on Sulfonamides in Vitro

Tchaperoff, Ivan C. C.
Radiology , Volume 41 (1): 61 – Jul 1, 1943
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References (6)

Publisher
Radiological Society of North America, Inc.
Copyright
Copyright © 1943 by Radiological Society of North America
ISSN
1527-1315
eISSN
0033-8419
DOI
10.1148/41.1.61
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Preliminary Notes on the Effect of Roentgen Rays on Sulfonamides in Vitro Ivan C. C. Tchaperoff , M.D., D.M.R. and E. , Formerly Assistant Radiologist to the Vancouver General Hospital Vancouver, B. C. Excerpt In the past few years much attention has been given to the treatment of infective lesions with sulfonamides and roentgen rays. It is now a generally accepted fact that while either method of treatment may, in certain cases, be equally beneficial, the two should not be used together (1, 2, 3). Clinical observations have indicated that a combination of adequate sulfonamide treatment, internally, with roentgen therapy, coincidentally, fails to check the inflammatory process and may even have a definitely deleterious effect. This observation does not appear to apply to the use of small quantities of sulfonamides to clean chronically infected growths which are receiving large doses of irradiation. The poor results obtained by the combined use of roentgen rays and sulfonamides would appear contradictory. As no experimental work on the subject could be found, it was decided to investigate it. It has been recognized for many years that radiation is capable of bringing about chemical changes in certain compounds, though, as a matter of fact, these changes are few in number. Clark (4) quotes the work of Stenstrom and Lohmann (5), who have shown that certain amino acids are altered by radiation and that tyrosine is changed in the phenol group. One of the best known chemical changes produced by the roentgen rays, though it has little application today, is the decolorization of methylene blue (6 and 7). In the case of this chemical, it has been shown that in an aqueous solution there is an optimum concentration at which the change is most marked, but it is retarded or even prevented by a very small concentration of acetone. Morse and Fricke (8), who made this latter observation, offer no explanation for it. In the case of fuchsin, it has been shown that roentgen rays initiate a primary change which takes time to develop (9); that is to say, if the fuchsin in a solution is measured twenty-four hours after irradiation, more destruction of the dye will be noted than immediately following irradiation. These investigations were made in an attempt to find a chemical reaction similar to the physical reaction displayed by the Sabouraud-Noire pastilles, but of greater accuracy, as a measure of radiation dosage. For various reasons, among them the difficulty of knowing how much radiation was absorbed by the chemical container and the fact that no simple compound could be found which responded equally well over a wide band of kilovoltages, the methods were never adopted to any extent, and with the advent of satisfactory methods of measuring x-ray intensity by ionization, interest in such compounds lapsed. The earlier work on these indicators showed that the changes produced in tyrosine were proportional to the dosage as measured in roentgens, while those produced in methylene blue were not.

Journal

Radiology – Radiological Society of North America, Inc.

Published: Jul 1, 1943

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