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Liliana Pardo-López, M. Soberón, A. Bravo (2013)
Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal three-domain Cry toxins: mode of action, insect resistance and consequences for crop protection.FEMS microbiology reviews, 37 1
I. Stergiopoulos, J. Collemare, R. Mehrabi, P. Wit (2013)
Phytotoxic secondary metabolites and peptides produced by plant pathogenic Dothideomycete fungi.FEMS microbiology reviews, 37 1
T. Tsuge, Y. Harimoto, K. Akimitsu, K. Ohtani, M. Kodama, Yasunori Akagi, M. Egusa, Mikihiro Yamamoto, H. Otani (2013)
Host-selective toxins produced by the plant pathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata.FEMS microbiology reviews, 37 1
C. Woloshuk, W. Shim (2013)
Aflatoxins, fumonisins, and trichothecenes: a convergence of knowledge.FEMS microbiology reviews, 37 1
E. Dittmann, D. Fewer, B. Neilan (2013)
Cyanobacterial toxins: biosynthetic routes and evolutionary roots.FEMS microbiology reviews, 37 1
EDITORIAL DOI: 10.1111/1574-6976.12010 Toxins are defined as poisonous substances, proteins or In a second contribution, Dittmann et al. (2012) give secondary metabolites, which can be produced by an update on cyanobacterial toxins which are produced prokaryotic or eukaryotic organisms and which can cause by various species of cyanobacteria and which cause disease or even have lethal effects on other organisms recurrent harmful algal blooms each summer, resulting in after contact or uptake. Toxins of microbial origin serve severe health problems or even death in humans. The different functions in various environments. Terrestrial biosynthetic pathways of various cyanobacterial toxins are and marine predators may use toxins to kill their prey. described, including those of nonribosomal peptides, Bacteria and fungi may produce antimicrobial compounds alkaloids and other secondary metabolites. to compete for nutrients or to occupy particular ecological The last three reviews cover fungal toxins. The first niches. Necrotrophic plant pathogens often produce review by Tsuge et al. (2012) describes the production of toxins to kill plant tissues in advance of colonizing them, host-selective toxins (HSTs) produced by the plant patho- whereas obligate biotrophic pathogens are dependent on genic fungus Alternaria alternata. HSTs are low- living host cells and have often
FEMS Microbiology Reviews – Oxford University Press
Published: Jan 10, 2013
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