INSECTICIDE EFFICACY AGAINST WHITEFLY IN BROCCOLI, 2011
INSECTICIDE EFFICACY AGAINST WHITEFLY IN BROCCOLI, 2011
Natwick, Eric T.
2012-01-01 00:00:00
Arthropod Management Tests 2012, Vol. 37 doi: 10.4182/amt.2012.E6 (E6) BROCCOLI: Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck ‘Castle Dome’ Eric T. Natwick University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources Desert Research and Extension Center 1050 E. Holton Rd. Holtville, CA 92250 Phone: (760) 352-9474 Fax: (760) 352-0846 E-mail: etnatwick@ucdavis.edu Sweetpotato whitefly: Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) – biotype B The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of insecticides for control of various insect pests on broccoli under desert growing conditions. Broccoli ‘Castle Dome’ was direct seeded on 7 Sep 2011 at the University of California Desert Research and Extension Center, El Centro, CA into double row beds on 40 inch centers. Stand establishment was achieved using overhead sprinkler irrigation and irrigated via furrow irrigation thereafter. Plots were four beds 13.3 ft wide by 40 ft long and bordered by one untreated bed. Five replications of each treatment were arranged in a RCB design. Insecticidal compounds, formulations and application rates are provided in the tables. The in-furrow, at-planting application of AdmirePro and Durivo were injected 2 inches below the seed into the soil using 20 gpa at 35 psi on 7 Sep 2011. All other insecticide treatments were foliar sprays applied with a Lee Spider Spray TracTractor 4-row sprayer with three TJ-60 11003VS nozzles per row that delivered a directed spray application at 25 psi and 50.3 gpa on 28 Sep and on 28 Oct 2011. An adjuvant, Dyne-Amic (Helena Chemical Co.) was added at 0.1% vol/vol to each foliar spray mixture. Numbers of SWF adults were counted on a leaf from 10 plants per plot in each replicate and data were recorded on the dates listed in Table 1. Numbers of SWF eggs and nymphs were counted within a leaf disk of 1.65 cm on a basal leaf from 10 plants per plot in each replicate and data were recorded on the dates listed in Tables 2 and 3. Plant height was measured in cm on 22 Nov 2011 and results are shown in Table 4. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. Differences among means on each sampling date and in each experiment were determined using Least Significant Difference Test (P≤0.05). The SWF population level was high when this project was started in Sep 2011, but whitefly number, particularly adults, were twice diminished by heavy rain, hail, and high winds on 13 Sep and on 3 Oct 2011. None of the treatments had significantly (P≤0.05) fewer SWF adults than the check on 26 Sep, except the treatment with AdmirePro (Table 1). None of the insecticide treatments had fewer SWF adults on 5 Oct, on 18 Oct, or on 27 Oct. All insecticide treatments had significantly fewer SWF adults than the check on 31 Oct, on 9 Nov and on 18 Nov with the exception of the treatment of Durivo followed by Movento on 31 Oct. There were no differences (P≤0.05) among the treatment for numbers of SWF eggs on 26 Sep and on 31 Oct (Table 2). All insecticide treatments had significantly fewer SWF eggs compared to the check on 5 Oct and 18 Nov. Only AdmirePro followed by Movento had significantly fewer SWF eggs compared to the check on 18 Oct. None of the insecticide treatments had fewer SWF eggs than the check on 27 Oct. The treatment of Durivo followed by Movento and treatment of Oberon had significantly more SWF eggs than the check on 27 Oct. On 9 Nov only the treatment of AdmirePro followed by Movento and treatment of Durivo followed by Movento had significantly fewer SWF eggs than the check. There were no differences (P≤0.05) among the treatment for numbers of SWF nymphs on 26 Sep (Table 3). All insecticide treatments except the Oberon treatment had significantly fewer SWF nymphs than the check on 5 Oct and on 18 Oct. Only AdmirePro followed by Movento had significantly fewer SWF nymphs compared to the check on 27 Oct. Only the treatments of AdmirePro followed by Movento and Durivo followed by Movento had significantly fewer SWF nymphs compared to the check on 31 Oct and 9 Nov. All of the insecticide treatments had significantly fewer SWF nymphs than the check on 18 Nov. Only the insecticide treatments of AdmirePro followed by Movento and Durivo followed by Movento had significantly taller plants than the check on 22 Nov. No phytotoxicity symptoms were observed following any of the insecticide treatments. 1 Arthropod Management Tests 2012, Vol. 37 doi: 10.4182/amt.2012.E6 Table 1. SWF adults per leaf Treatment Oz/acre 26 Sep 5 Oct 18 Oct 27 Oct 31 Oct 9 Nov 18 Nov Movento 5.0 16.46a 0.70 51.56a 25.94ab 17.64c 18.10b 12.36c AdmirePro* 10.0 3.78b 0.44 32.18b 17.61b 10.36d 6.92c 16.56bc f/b Movento 5.0 Durivo* 13.0 12.66a 0.64 54.92a 32.82a 23.72ab 8.90c 21.36b f/b Movento 5.0 Oberon 8.0 13.58a 0.48 52.18a 17.54b 19.40bc 14.26b 16.22bc Check -------- 12.22a 0.40 42.48ab 24.04ab 26.70a 24.54a 30.84a *Preplant injected 2” below seed followed by (f/b) Movento. Means within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different; P>0.05, LSD. Table 2. SWF eggs per cm of broccoli leaf z z z Treatment Oz/acre 26 Sep 5 Oct 18 Oct 27 Oct 31 Oct 9 Nov 18 Nov Movento 5.0 205.01 36.47bc 94.46ab 37.41ab 28.42 18.53a 5.59b AdmirePro* 10.0 129.47 18.93c 31.68c 29.65b 14.46 5.58c 1.94c f/b Movento 5.0 Durivo* 13.0 222.51 30.87c 89.79ab 43.65a 20.46 10.18bc 4.33bc f/b Movento 5.0 Oberon 8.0 200.61 74.98b 103.08a 45.58a 37.83 15.10ab 3.44bc Check --- 220.19 152.56a 83.36b 29.95b 28.00 17.48a 15.56a *Preplant injected 2” below seed followed by (f/b) Movento. Means within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different; P>0.05, LSD. Log transformed data used for analysis and actual means reported. Table 3. Whitefly nymphs per cm of broccoli leaf Treatment Oz/acre 26 Sep 5 Oct 18 Oct 27 Oct 31 Oct 9 Nov 18 Nov Movento 5.0 11.07 26.46bc 6.10bc 71.81a 51.18ab 32.61ab 20.59b AdmirePro* 10.0 6.52 8.82c 3.45c 37.44b 18.00c 10.06c 3.87c f/b Movento 5.0 Durivo* 13.0 8.25 19.10bc 5.66bc 62.13a 34.06bc 26.08b 25.73b f/b Movento 5.0 Oberon 8.0 7.62 36.99ab 8.69ab 59.16a 45.75ab 31.26ab 14.46bc Check --- 11.14 51.32a 14.42a 65.81a 67.92a 43.66a 54.50a *Preplant injected 2” below seed followed by (f/b) Movento. Means within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different; P>0.05, LSD. Log transformed data used for analysis and actual means reported. Table 5. Height of broccoli plants in cm Treatment Oz/acre 22 Nov Movento 5.0 36.36b AdmirePro* 10.0 48.69a f/b Movento 5.0 Durivo* 13.0 44.14a f/b Movento 5.0 Oberon 8.0 38.57b Untreated Check --- 34.12b *Preplant injected 2” below seed followed by (f/b) Movento. Means within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different; P>0.05, LSD.
http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.pngArthropod Management TestsOxford University Presshttp://www.deepdyve.com/lp/oxford-university-press/insecticide-efficacy-against-whitefly-in-broccoli-2011-LxwdjNVOgB
INSECTICIDE EFFICACY AGAINST WHITEFLY IN BROCCOLI, 2011
Arthropod Management Tests 2012, Vol. 37 doi: 10.4182/amt.2012.E6 (E6) BROCCOLI: Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck ‘Castle Dome’ Eric T. Natwick University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources Desert Research and Extension Center 1050 E. Holton Rd. Holtville, CA 92250 Phone: (760) 352-9474 Fax: (760) 352-0846 E-mail: etnatwick@ucdavis.edu Sweetpotato whitefly: Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) – biotype B The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of insecticides for control of various insect pests on broccoli under desert growing conditions. Broccoli ‘Castle Dome’ was direct seeded on 7 Sep 2011 at the University of California Desert Research and Extension Center, El Centro, CA into double row beds on 40 inch centers. Stand establishment was achieved using overhead sprinkler irrigation and irrigated via furrow irrigation thereafter. Plots were four beds 13.3 ft wide by 40 ft long and bordered by one untreated bed. Five replications of each treatment were arranged in a RCB design. Insecticidal compounds, formulations and application rates are provided in the tables. The in-furrow, at-planting application of AdmirePro and Durivo were injected 2 inches below the seed into the soil using 20 gpa at 35 psi on 7 Sep 2011. All other insecticide treatments were foliar sprays applied with a Lee Spider Spray TracTractor 4-row sprayer with three TJ-60 11003VS nozzles per row that delivered a directed spray application at 25 psi and 50.3 gpa on 28 Sep and on 28 Oct 2011. An adjuvant, Dyne-Amic (Helena Chemical Co.) was added at 0.1% vol/vol to each foliar spray mixture. Numbers of SWF adults were counted on a leaf from 10 plants per plot in each replicate and data were recorded on the dates listed in Table 1. Numbers of SWF eggs and nymphs were counted within a leaf disk of 1.65 cm on a basal leaf from 10 plants per plot in each replicate and data were recorded on the dates listed in Tables 2 and 3. Plant height was measured in cm on 22 Nov 2011 and results are shown in Table 4. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. Differences among means on each sampling date and in each experiment were determined using Least Significant Difference Test (P≤0.05). The SWF population level was high when this project was started in Sep 2011, but whitefly number, particularly adults, were twice diminished by heavy rain, hail, and high winds on 13 Sep and on 3 Oct 2011. None of the treatments had significantly (P≤0.05) fewer SWF adults than the check on 26 Sep, except the treatment with AdmirePro (Table 1). None of the insecticide treatments had fewer SWF adults on 5 Oct, on 18 Oct, or on 27 Oct. All insecticide treatments had significantly fewer SWF adults than the check on 31 Oct, on 9 Nov and on 18 Nov with the exception of the treatment of Durivo followed by Movento on 31 Oct. There were no differences (P≤0.05) among the treatment for numbers of SWF eggs on 26 Sep and on 31 Oct (Table 2). All insecticide treatments had significantly fewer SWF eggs compared to the check on 5 Oct and 18 Nov. Only AdmirePro followed by Movento had significantly fewer SWF eggs compared to the check on 18 Oct. None of the insecticide treatments had fewer SWF eggs than the check on 27 Oct. The treatment of Durivo followed by Movento and treatment of Oberon had significantly more SWF eggs than the check on 27 Oct. On 9 Nov only the treatment of AdmirePro followed by Movento and treatment of Durivo followed by Movento had significantly fewer SWF eggs than the check. There were no differences (P≤0.05) among the treatment for numbers of SWF nymphs on 26 Sep (Table 3). All insecticide treatments except the Oberon treatment had significantly fewer SWF nymphs than the check on 5 Oct and on 18 Oct. Only AdmirePro followed by Movento had significantly fewer SWF nymphs compared to the check on 27 Oct. Only the treatments of AdmirePro followed by Movento and Durivo followed by Movento had significantly fewer SWF nymphs compared to the check on 31 Oct and 9 Nov. All of the insecticide treatments had significantly fewer SWF nymphs than the check on 18 Nov. Only the insecticide treatments of AdmirePro followed by Movento and Durivo followed by Movento had significantly taller plants than the check on 22 Nov. No phytotoxicity symptoms were observed following any of the insecticide treatments. 1 Arthropod Management Tests 2012, Vol. 37 doi: 10.4182/amt.2012.E6 Table 1. SWF adults per leaf Treatment Oz/acre 26 Sep 5 Oct 18 Oct 27 Oct 31 Oct 9 Nov 18 Nov Movento 5.0 16.46a 0.70 51.56a 25.94ab 17.64c 18.10b 12.36c AdmirePro* 10.0 3.78b 0.44 32.18b 17.61b 10.36d 6.92c 16.56bc f/b Movento 5.0 Durivo* 13.0 12.66a 0.64 54.92a 32.82a 23.72ab 8.90c 21.36b f/b Movento 5.0 Oberon 8.0 13.58a 0.48 52.18a 17.54b 19.40bc 14.26b 16.22bc Check -------- 12.22a 0.40 42.48ab 24.04ab 26.70a 24.54a 30.84a *Preplant injected 2” below seed followed by (f/b) Movento. Means within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different; P>0.05, LSD. Table 2. SWF eggs per cm of broccoli leaf z z z Treatment Oz/acre 26 Sep 5 Oct 18 Oct 27 Oct 31 Oct 9 Nov 18 Nov Movento 5.0 205.01 36.47bc 94.46ab 37.41ab 28.42 18.53a 5.59b AdmirePro* 10.0 129.47 18.93c 31.68c 29.65b 14.46 5.58c 1.94c f/b Movento 5.0 Durivo* 13.0 222.51 30.87c 89.79ab 43.65a 20.46 10.18bc 4.33bc f/b Movento 5.0 Oberon 8.0 200.61 74.98b 103.08a 45.58a 37.83 15.10ab 3.44bc Check --- 220.19 152.56a 83.36b 29.95b 28.00 17.48a 15.56a *Preplant injected 2” below seed followed by (f/b) Movento. Means within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different; P>0.05, LSD. Log transformed data used for analysis and actual means reported. Table 3. Whitefly nymphs per cm of broccoli leaf Treatment Oz/acre 26 Sep 5 Oct 18 Oct 27 Oct 31 Oct 9 Nov 18 Nov Movento 5.0 11.07 26.46bc 6.10bc 71.81a 51.18ab 32.61ab 20.59b AdmirePro* 10.0 6.52 8.82c 3.45c 37.44b 18.00c 10.06c 3.87c f/b Movento 5.0 Durivo* 13.0 8.25 19.10bc 5.66bc 62.13a 34.06bc 26.08b 25.73b f/b Movento 5.0 Oberon 8.0 7.62 36.99ab 8.69ab 59.16a 45.75ab 31.26ab 14.46bc Check --- 11.14 51.32a 14.42a 65.81a 67.92a 43.66a 54.50a *Preplant injected 2” below seed followed by (f/b) Movento. Means within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different; P>0.05, LSD. Log transformed data used for analysis and actual means reported. Table 5. Height of broccoli plants in cm Treatment Oz/acre 22 Nov Movento 5.0 36.36b AdmirePro* 10.0 48.69a f/b Movento 5.0 Durivo* 13.0 44.14a f/b Movento 5.0 Oberon 8.0 38.57b Untreated Check --- 34.12b *Preplant injected 2” below seed followed by (f/b) Movento. Means within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different; P>0.05, LSD.
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