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Articles Eastern White Pine Versatility in the Presettlement Forest MARC D. ABRAMS ne species that typifies the northern forests of the Oeastern United States in the minds of many ecologists THIS EASTERN GIANT EXHIBITED VAST and naturalists is the eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.). Its ECOLOGICAL BREADTH IN THE ORIGINAL range includes New England, the Great Lakes region, New York,Pennsylvania, and along the Appalachian Mountains to FOREST BUT HAS BEEN ON THE DECLINE northern Georgia (Figure 1). The northern limits of its range include southwestern Ontario, above Lake Superior, to south- WITH SUBSEQUENT LAND-USE CHANGES ern Newfoundland. In these forests, white pine is the tallest tree, with some individuals reaching a height of 150–175 feet (45–53 m) and a diameter of 40–50 inches (102–127 cm). The great height of white pine makes it an emergent above the up- suggest that high concentrations of white pine were mainly per canopy in many mixed-species forests. found on light, sandy soils along rivers (Whitney 1990, 1994, Historically, white pine has been one of the most valuable Cogbill 2000). This location, coupled with its great size and tree species because of the large volume of standing timber highly valued wood, made white
BioScience – Oxford University Press
Published: Nov 1, 2001
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