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EDITORIALS Daniel G. Haller the short- and long-term toxic effects of such treatment. Quality- For physicians trained in the United States, postoperative of-life assessments have suggested that the increased complica- combined modality therapy has become the accepted standard tions of postoperative radiation therapy and chemotherapy may for patients with rectal cancer who are at high risk for locore- be offset by improved recurrence and survival rates when com- gional and distant recurrence. In 1990, the results of two ran- pared with postoperative radiation therapy alone (3). However, domized trials demonstrating improved survival for postopera- retrospective analyses of patients treated with postoperative che- tive chemotherapy with radiation therapy compared with either motherapy and radiation therapy suggest that such treatment surgery alone or with postoperative radiation therapy alone led may also be associated with major long-term alterations in to an National Institutes of Health Consensus Conference rec- bowel function, an observation that can be supported by any ommendation that all patients with stage II or III rectal cancer clinician listening carefully to the symptoms of patients who should receive postoperative combined modality therapy. Two have been treated with the current standard of care (4). It is subsequent intergroup trials have retained
Journal of the National Cancer Institute – Oxford University Press
Published: Mar 1, 2000
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