Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
A. Gentry (1974)
Flowering Phenology and Diversity in Tropical BignoniaceaeBiotropica, 6
F. Stiles, C. Freeman (1993)
Patterns in floral nectar characteristics of some bird-visited plant species from Costa RicaBiotropica, 25
James Brown, M. Bowers (1985)
Community Organization in Hummingbirds: Relationships Between Morphology and EcologyThe Auk, 102
D. Janzen (1971)
Euglossine Bees as Long-Distance Pollinators of Tropical PlantsScience, 171
P. Feinsinger (1976)
Organization of a Tropical Guild of Nectarivorous BirdsEcological Monographs, 46
D. Snow, B. Snow (1986)
Feeding ecology of hummingbirds in the Serra do Mar, southeastern BrazilEl Hornero
F., Gary, Stiles (1981)
GEOGRAPHICAL ASPECTS OF BIRD-FLOWER COEVOLUTION, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO CENTRAL AMERICA'Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 68
Rio de Janeiro: Hamburg Donnelley Gra ®ca Editora Ltda
I. Sazima, S. Buzato, M. Sazima (1995)
The Saw-billed HermitRamphodon naevius and its flowers in southeastern BrazilJournal für Ornithologie, 136
D. Lloyd, A. Snow, T. Spira, Rachel Simpson, L. Delph (1909)
Floral BiologyBotanical Gazette, 48
C. Gardner (1986)
Inferences about pollination in Tillandsia (Bromeliaceae)
L. Wolf, F. Stiles, F. Hainsworth (1976)
Ecological Organization of a Tropical, Highland Hummingbird CommunityJournal of Animal Ecology, 45
T. Fleming (1982)
Foraging Strategies of Plant-Visiting Bats
(1984)
Ornito®lia brasileira, uma introduc Ëa Äo. Brasõ Âlia: Ed
P. Feinsinger, Robert Colwell (1978)
Community Organization Among Neotropical Nectar-Feeding BirdsIntegrative and Comparative Biology, 18
F. Stiles (1975)
Ecology, Flowering Phenology, and Hummingbird Pollination of Some Costa Rican Heliconia SpeciesEcology, 56
P. Feinsinger (1978)
ECOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PLANTS AND HUMMINGBIRDS IN A SUCCESSIONAL TROPICAL COMMUNITYEcological Monographs, 48
(1989)
Os beija-¯ores do Brasil
S. Renner (1993)
Pollination Ecology ‐ A Practical ApproachNordic Journal of Botany, 13
Robert Ornduff, Albert Radford, William Dickison, Jimmy Massey, C. Bell (1974)
Vascular Plant Systematics
I. Sazima, S. Buzato, M. Sazima (1996)
An Assemblage of Hummingbird‐pollinated Flowers in a Montane Forest in Southeastern BrazilPlant Biology, 109
H. Baker, I. Baker (1975)
Studies of nectar-constitution and pollinator-plant coevolutionCoevolution of Animals and Plants
(1998)
Biologia ̄ oral of Hohenbergia ridleyi ( Baker ) Mez
Bressan for technical assistance; I. Sazima for hummingbird identi®cation
Augusto Ruschi, A. Burman, Paulo Abrawaya, Etienne Demonte (1982)
Beija-flores do estado do Espírito Santo = hummingbirds of state of Espíritu Santo
S. Buzato, M. Sazima, I. Sazima (2000)
Hummingbird-Pollinated Floras at Three Atlantic Forest Sites1, 32
E. Locatelli, I. Machado (1999)
Comparative Study of the Floral Biology in Two Ornithophilous Species of Cactaceae: Melocactus zehntneri and Opuntia palmadoraBradleya, 17
D. Roubik (1989)
Ecology and natural history of tropical bees: Extant families, subfamilies, tribes, genera, and subgenera of the Apoidea: a partial checklist
(1997)
Biologia reprodutiva de Bromeliaceae na Reserva EcoloÂgica de Macae de Cima
(2000)
Polinizac Ëa Äo por beija-¯ores em Nidularium e ge Ãneros relacionados
T. Wendt, M. Canela, A. Faria, R. Rios (2001)
Reproductive biology and natural hybridization between two endemic species of Pitcairnia (Bromeliaceae).American journal of botany, 88 10
M. Proctor, P. Yeo, A. Lack (1947)
Natural history of pollination
T. Kunz (1984)
Ecology of BatsJournal of Applied Ecology, 20
K. Bawa (1990)
Plant-Pollinator Interactions in Tropical Rain ForestsAnnual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 21
L. Wolf, F. Stiles (1970)
EVOLUTION OF PAIR COOPERATION IN A TROPICAL HUMMINGBIRDEvolution, 24
L. Newstrom, G. Frankie, H. Baker (1994)
A new classification for plant phenology based on flowering patterns in lowland tropical rain forest trees at La Selva, Costa RicaBiotropica, 26
(1995)
PadroÄes de visitacËaÄo a Vriesea neoglutinosa por beija - ̄ ores no EspõÂrito Santo , sudeste do Brasil
T. Wendt (1997)
A review of the subgenus Pothuava (Baker) Baker of Aechmea Ruiz & Pav. (Bromeliaceae) in BrazilBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 125
(1990)
The bromeliad lexicon
Heidemarie Halbritter (1992)
Morphologie und systematische Bedeutung des Pollens der BromeliaceaeGrana, 31
B. Murray (1990)
Heterostyly and pollen-tube interactions in Luculia gratissima (Rubiaceae).Annals of Botany, 65
B. Heinrich (1975)
BEE FLOWERS: A HYPOTHESIS ON FLOWER VARIETY AND BLOOMING TIMESEvolution, 29
M. Proctor, P. Yeo (1974)
The pollination of flowers
(1983)
BromeliaÂceas e a malaÂria - bromeÂlia endeÃmica
M. Arizmendi, J. Ornelas (1990)
Hummingbirds and Their Floral Resources in a Tropical Dry Forest in MexicoBiotropica, 22
Bregje Wertheim (2019)
Evolutionary EcologyEncyclopedia of Ecology
T. Wendt, M. Canela, D. Klein, R. Rios (2002)
Selfing facilitates reproductive isolation among three sympatric species of Pitcairnia (Bromeliaceae)Plant Systematics and Evolution, 232
F. Stiles (1978)
Temporal Organization of Flowering Among the Hummingbird Foodplants of a Tropical Wet ForestBiotropica, 10
(1994)
FloracËaÄo sequÈencial e polinizacËaÄo de treÃs espeÂcies de Vriesea ( Bromeliaceae ) na regiaÄo da JureÂia , sudeste do Brasil
(2000)
Bromeliaceae: pro®le of an adaptative radiation
(1938)
U È ber die Abgrenzung der eigentlichen Narben¯a Èche mit Hilfe von Reaktionen
L. Real, B. Rathcke (1991)
Individual Variation in Nectar Production and Its Effect on Fitness in Kalmia LatifoliaEcology, 72
K. Grant, V. Grant (1969)
Hummingbirds and their flowersJournal of Ecology, 58
F. Martin (1959)
Staining and observing pollen tubes in the style by means of fluorescence.Stain technology, 34 3
K. Faegri, L. Pijl (1967)
The principles of pollination ecology
(1991)
Flora polõÂnica da Reserva do Parque do Ipiranga ( SaÄo Paulo , Brasil )
Wilhelm Koeppen, Pedro Pérez (1948)
Climatología : con un estudio de los climas de la tierra
(2001)
Taxas de visitacËaÄo de polinizadores a Vriesea procera ( Bromeliaceae ) na Ilha Grande / RJ , sudeste do Brasil
(1980)
The biology of the bromeliads
N. Ramírez, C. Gil, O. Hokche, Alberto Seres, Ysaleny Brito (1990)
Biologia Floral de una Comunidad Arbustiva Tropical en La Guayana VenezolanaAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 77
The pollination biology of Aechmea pectinata (Bromeliaceae) was studied in a submontane rainforest in south‐eastern Brazil. This species has a mainly clumped distribution and its aggregated individuals are likely to be clones. From October to January, during the flowering period, the distal third of its leaves becomes red. The inflorescence produces 1–15 flowers per day over a period of 20–25 d. The flowers are inconspicuous, greenish‐white coloured, tubular shaped with a narrow opening, and the stigma is situated just above the anthers. Anthesis begins at 0400 h and flowers last for about 13 h. The highest nectar volume and sugar concentration occur between 0600 and 1000 h, and decrease throughout the day. Aechmea pectinata is self‐incompatible and therefore pollinator‐dependent. Hummingbirds are its main pollinators (about 90 % of the visits), visiting flowers mainly in the morning. There is a positive correlation between the number of hummingbird visits per inflorescence and the production of nectar, suggesting that the availability of this resource is important in attracting and maintaining visitors. The arrangement of the floral structures favours pollen deposition on the bill of the hummingbirds. Flowers in clumps promote hummingbird territoriality, and a consequence is self‐pollination in a broader sense (geitonogamy) as individuals in assemblages are genetically close. However, trap‐lining and intruding hummingbirds promote cross‐pollination. These observations suggest that successful fruit set of A. pectinata depends on both the spatial distribution of its individuals and the interactions among hummingbirds.
Annals of Botany – Oxford University Press
Published: Nov 1, 2003
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.