Get 20M+ Full-Text Papers For Less Than $1.50/day. Start a 14-Day Trial for You or Your Team.

Learn More →

Urinary Time- or Dose-Dependent Metabolic Biomarkers of Aristolochic Acid-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats

Urinary Time- or Dose-Dependent Metabolic Biomarkers of Aristolochic Acid-Induced Nephrotoxicity... The metabolic mechanisms underlying aristolochic acid (AA)-induced nephrotoxicity are inconclusive. A Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS)-based metabolomic study was performed to analyze urinary metabolites in AA-treated rats at different dosages (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) and time points (2, 4, and 6 days). Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and kidney injury were significantly changed only on the 6th day in 40 mg/kg AA group, whereas metabolic alternation appeared even on the 2nd day in 10 mg/kg AA group. A total of 84 differential metabolites were identified in 40 mg/kg AA groups time-dependently and 81 in 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg AA groups dose-dependently (6 days) compared with control group. Eight metabolites were selected as potential metabolic biomarkers including methylsuccinic acid, nicotinamide, 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, citric acid, creatinine, uric acid, glycolic acid, and gluconic acid. Four of them were dose-dependently altered including methylsuccinic acid, citric acid, creatinine, and 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, which were defined as “early metabolic biomarker.” The alteration of nicotinamide, uric acid, and gluconic acid was time- and dose-dependent, whereas the change of glycolic acid was time- or dose-independent. The latter 4 metabolites were defined as “late metabolic biomarker” because of the obvious reduction on the 6th day in 40 mg/kg AA group. In summary, the urinary metabolic alterations were more sensitive than conventional biomarkers of renal injury. The identified metabolites suggested pathways of energy metabolism, gut microbiota, and purine metabolism were associated with AA-induced nephrotoxicity time- or dose-dependently. Further investigation was warranted to determine the roles of the 8 potential metabolic biomarkers in AA-induced nephrotoxicity. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Toxicological Sciences Oxford University Press

Urinary Time- or Dose-Dependent Metabolic Biomarkers of Aristolochic Acid-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats

Loading next page...
 
/lp/ou_press/urinary-time-or-dose-dependent-metabolic-biomarkers-of-aristolochic-yrx718Ls0l

References (37)

Publisher
Oxford University Press
Copyright
© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com
ISSN
1096-6080
eISSN
1096-0929
DOI
10.1093/toxsci/kfw244
pmid
28115647
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

The metabolic mechanisms underlying aristolochic acid (AA)-induced nephrotoxicity are inconclusive. A Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS)-based metabolomic study was performed to analyze urinary metabolites in AA-treated rats at different dosages (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) and time points (2, 4, and 6 days). Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and kidney injury were significantly changed only on the 6th day in 40 mg/kg AA group, whereas metabolic alternation appeared even on the 2nd day in 10 mg/kg AA group. A total of 84 differential metabolites were identified in 40 mg/kg AA groups time-dependently and 81 in 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg AA groups dose-dependently (6 days) compared with control group. Eight metabolites were selected as potential metabolic biomarkers including methylsuccinic acid, nicotinamide, 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, citric acid, creatinine, uric acid, glycolic acid, and gluconic acid. Four of them were dose-dependently altered including methylsuccinic acid, citric acid, creatinine, and 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, which were defined as “early metabolic biomarker.” The alteration of nicotinamide, uric acid, and gluconic acid was time- and dose-dependent, whereas the change of glycolic acid was time- or dose-independent. The latter 4 metabolites were defined as “late metabolic biomarker” because of the obvious reduction on the 6th day in 40 mg/kg AA group. In summary, the urinary metabolic alterations were more sensitive than conventional biomarkers of renal injury. The identified metabolites suggested pathways of energy metabolism, gut microbiota, and purine metabolism were associated with AA-induced nephrotoxicity time- or dose-dependently. Further investigation was warranted to determine the roles of the 8 potential metabolic biomarkers in AA-induced nephrotoxicity.

Journal

Toxicological SciencesOxford University Press

Published: Mar 1, 2017

There are no references for this article.