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Endothelial shear stress 5 years after implantation of a coronary bioresorbable scaffold

Endothelial shear stress 5 years after implantation of a coronary bioresorbable scaffold AimsAs a sine qua non for arterial wall physiology, local hemodynamic forces such as endothelial shear stress (ESS) may influence long-term vessel changes as bioabsorbable scaffolds dissolve. The aim of this study was to perform serial computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations to examine immediate and long-term haemodynamic and vascular changes following bioresorbable scaffold placement.Methods and resultsCoronary arterial models with long-term serial assessment (baseline and 5 years) were reconstructed through fusion of intravascular optical coherence tomography and angiography. Pulsatile non-Newtonian CFD simulations were performed to calculate the ESS and relative blood viscosity. Time-averaged, systolic, and diastolic results were compared between follow-ups. Seven patients (seven lesions) were included in this analysis. A marked heterogeneity in ESS and localised regions of high blood viscosity were observed post-implantation. Percent vessel area exposed to low averaged ESS (<1 Pa) significantly decreased over 5 years (15.92% vs. 4.99%, P < 0.0001) whereas moderate (1–7 Pa) and high ESS (>7 Pa) did not significantly change (moderate ESS: 76.93% vs. 80.7%, P = 0.546; high ESS: 7.15% vs. 14.31%, P = 0.281), leading to higher ESS at follow-up. A positive correlation was observed between baseline ESS and change in lumen area at 5 years (P < 0.0001). Maximum blood viscosity significantly decreased over 5 years (4.30 ± 1.54 vs. 3.21± 0.57, P = 0.028).ConclusionImmediately after scaffold implantation, coronary arteries demonstrate an alternans of extremely low and high ESS values and localized areas of high blood viscosity. These initial local haemodynamic disturbances may trigger fibrin deposition and thrombosis. Also, low ESS can promote neointimal hyperplasia, but may also contribute to appropriate scaffold healing with normalisation of ESS and reduction in peak blood viscosity by 5 years. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png European Heart Journal Oxford University Press

Endothelial shear stress 5 years after implantation of a coronary bioresorbable scaffold

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References (99)

Publisher
Oxford University Press
Copyright
Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author(s) 2018. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.
ISSN
0195-668X
eISSN
1522-9645
DOI
10.1093/eurheartj/ehx810
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

AimsAs a sine qua non for arterial wall physiology, local hemodynamic forces such as endothelial shear stress (ESS) may influence long-term vessel changes as bioabsorbable scaffolds dissolve. The aim of this study was to perform serial computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations to examine immediate and long-term haemodynamic and vascular changes following bioresorbable scaffold placement.Methods and resultsCoronary arterial models with long-term serial assessment (baseline and 5 years) were reconstructed through fusion of intravascular optical coherence tomography and angiography. Pulsatile non-Newtonian CFD simulations were performed to calculate the ESS and relative blood viscosity. Time-averaged, systolic, and diastolic results were compared between follow-ups. Seven patients (seven lesions) were included in this analysis. A marked heterogeneity in ESS and localised regions of high blood viscosity were observed post-implantation. Percent vessel area exposed to low averaged ESS (<1 Pa) significantly decreased over 5 years (15.92% vs. 4.99%, P < 0.0001) whereas moderate (1–7 Pa) and high ESS (>7 Pa) did not significantly change (moderate ESS: 76.93% vs. 80.7%, P = 0.546; high ESS: 7.15% vs. 14.31%, P = 0.281), leading to higher ESS at follow-up. A positive correlation was observed between baseline ESS and change in lumen area at 5 years (P < 0.0001). Maximum blood viscosity significantly decreased over 5 years (4.30 ± 1.54 vs. 3.21± 0.57, P = 0.028).ConclusionImmediately after scaffold implantation, coronary arteries demonstrate an alternans of extremely low and high ESS values and localized areas of high blood viscosity. These initial local haemodynamic disturbances may trigger fibrin deposition and thrombosis. Also, low ESS can promote neointimal hyperplasia, but may also contribute to appropriate scaffold healing with normalisation of ESS and reduction in peak blood viscosity by 5 years.

Journal

European Heart Journal – Oxford University Press

Published: Feb 2, 2018

Keywords: Bioabsorbable scaffold; Shear stress; Blood viscosity

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