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Reconditioning of Skin after Sweating

Reconditioning of Skin after Sweating SHORT COMMUNICATIONS KURZE MITTEILUNGEN BRÈVES COMMUNICATIONS Dcrrnatologica 138: 292-291 (1969) R. C. University, D epartm ent of Dermatology (Head: Prof. ./. W. / /. Mali), Nijmegen D . S p r u i t a n d K . E . M a l t e n Received: Ju ne 23, 1968 B y m e a n s o f a n ew m e th o d (S p r u i t, 1967) t h e m e a s u r e m e n t o f th e w a t e r v a p o r loss o f th e skin can be re a lise d in all e n v ir o n m e n ta l c irc u m s ta n c e s , p a s s in g th e a m b ie n t a ir o v er 1 cm'2 sk in . As th e skin does n o t n e e d to be c o n d itio n e d to a d e v ia t in g e n v ir o n m e n t, as it u s u a lly h a s to (e. g. d r y gas), t h e new m e th o d o f m e a s u r e m e n t is r a p id ly a c c o m p lis h e d . W ith in 2 m in (in w h ic h p e rio d a sw itc h p e a k occurs) th e w a t e r v a p o r loss is r e a d a t a c o n s ta n t le v e l (F ig . 1, c u rv e a). F o rm e rly i t h a s b e e n e s ti m a t e d t h a t th e skin s h o u ld be c o n d itio n e d to th e e n v ir o n m e n t for a t le a s t h a l f a n h o u r before a re lia b le m e a s u re ­ m e n t o f th e w a t e r v a p o r loss c a n be o b ta in e d (T h ie le a n d Sch utter, 1962; T ro n n ie r, 1962). O u r m e th o d o f m e a s u r e m e n t p a s s in g h u m id e n v ir o n m e n ta l a ir u s u a lly a p p e a rs n o t to re q u ire s u c h a lo ng p erio d . T h e re a re , h o w e v e r, c irc u m s ta n c e s in w h ich b y w a y o f p r e c a u tio n th e sa m e w a itin g p e rio d is p re fe rre d , as d e m o n s tr a te d in th e n e x t p a r a ­ g ra p h . A s lig h tly in c re a s e d a m b i e n t t e m p e r a tu r e o r m o d e ra te exercise o fte n c a u se p erso n s to s w e a t s lig h tly . S uch a n o rm a lly u n n o tic e d s w e a tin g h a s t a k e n p la c e in th e second p a r t o f F ig u r e 1. As soon as s w e a tin g s to p p e d , t h e w a t e r v a p o r loss d im in is h e d (c u rv e b). B efore t h e d e h y d r a t io n o f t h e sk in su rfa c e w as c o m p le te d a ren ew ed s p o n ­ ta n e o u s o u t b u r s t o f sw e a t o c c u rre d (i. c. 138 t i g w a t e r / c m 2 sk in ). A t th e e n d o f th is s h o r t sw e a tin g a c t i v i t y c u rv e c w a s r e c o rd e d , bein g id e n tic a l to c u rv e b. I t c a n be c a lc u la te d fro m t h e su rfa c e u n d e r c u rv e s b a n d c, t h a t , follow ing on a p e rio d o f s w e a tin g , t h e sk in lost Spruit, Mullen, Reconditioning of Skin after Sweating 2 9 3 Fig. I . Readings of the w ater loss of the skin a t the volar aspect of the forearm of a healthy volunteer. Measuring cup: 2.0 cm8; air (low: 12.3 ml/min; skin tem perature: 32.6°C; room tem perature: 23.4°C; original humidity of the air passing the skin: 14.0 mg water/1 air (67% RH). 84 re sp . 61 p.g w a t e r p e r cm 2 in to a n a m b i e n t h u m id a tm o s p h e r e in t h e c o u rse o f som e 15 -2 0 m in befo re a s te a d y s t a t e level o f th e s k in ’s w a t e r v a p o r loss w as u l tim a t e ly r e a c h e d . T h is a m o u n t c o rre sp o n d s w ith a n a v e r a g e loss o f a b o u t 4 % w a t e r c o n te n t fro m th e s t r a t u m c o rn c u m . A d r y in g p rocess th e o r e tic a lly e la p se s d ire c tly p ro p o r tio n a l to th e ro o t o f t im e if w a te r h a d b e e n a b s o rb e d w ith th e s a m e s tr e n g th b o th in th e b e g in n in g a n d a t th e e n d o f th e p ro c e ss. If, ho w e v e r, th e la s t a m o u n ts o f w a t e r h a d b e e n a b s o rb e d m o re s tro n g ly - as u s u a lly is th e case - th e d e sc e n d in g c u rv e is s till s te e p e r in th e b e g in n in g o f th e c u rv e . T h e s h a p e o f c u rv e s b a n d c a p p e a r s to c o rre sp o n d w ith su ch a p h e n o m e n o n . S u m m a r y A f te r s w e a tin g t h e s t r a t u m e o rn e u m o f th e fo re a rm loses som e 4 % w a t e r . T h e s te a d y s t a t e level in a m b i e n t a ir is re g a in e d in a q u a r t e r o f an h o u r. 2 9 4 Spruit, Mallen, Reconditioning of Skill after Sweating Z u sa m m e n fa ssu n g N a c h d e in S c h w itz e n v e r li e r t d a s S t r a t u m C o rn e u m des U n te r a rm s u n g e fä h r 4 % W a sse r. D as G le ic h g e w ic h t in n o rm a le r L u f t is t n a c h e in e r V ie rte ls tu n d e w ie d e r e rre ic h t. R ésum é A p rès l ’a c h è v e m e n t de la t r a n s p ir a tio n , le s t r a t u m c o rn e u m de l’a v a n t- b r a s p e r d d ’e n v iro n 4 % d ’e a u . L ’é t a t d ’é q u ilib re av ec l’a ir e n v ir o n n a n t s’a ju s te d a n s u n q u a r t d ’h eu re. References 1. Spruit, U.: Measurement of the water vapor loss from human skin by a thermal conductivity cell. J . appl. Physiol. 23: 994-997 (1967). 2. Thiele, F. A . ./. and Schulter, K.: A new micro method for measuring the water balance of the human skin. J . invest. Derm. 39: 105-109 (1962). 3. Tronnier, II.: Uber die Quellung und Austrocknung der menschlichen H aut und ihre praktische Bedeutung. Parf. Kosmetik 43: 336 (1962). Authors* a d d re s s : D. S p ru it a n d K . E . M alten , a f 1. D e rm a to lo g ie , J a v a s t r a a t 104, Nijmegen (H o llan d ) http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Dermatology Karger

Reconditioning of Skin after Sweating

Spruit, D.; Malten, K.E.
Dermatology , Volume 138 (4): 3 – Jan 1, 1969
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Publisher
Karger
Copyright
© 1969 S. Karger AG, Basel
ISSN
1018-8665
eISSN
1421-9832
DOI
10.1159/000253995
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Abstract

SHORT COMMUNICATIONS KURZE MITTEILUNGEN BRÈVES COMMUNICATIONS Dcrrnatologica 138: 292-291 (1969) R. C. University, D epartm ent of Dermatology (Head: Prof. ./. W. / /. Mali), Nijmegen D . S p r u i t a n d K . E . M a l t e n Received: Ju ne 23, 1968 B y m e a n s o f a n ew m e th o d (S p r u i t, 1967) t h e m e a s u r e m e n t o f th e w a t e r v a p o r loss o f th e skin can be re a lise d in all e n v ir o n m e n ta l c irc u m s ta n c e s , p a s s in g th e a m b ie n t a ir o v er 1 cm'2 sk in . As th e skin does n o t n e e d to be c o n d itio n e d to a d e v ia t in g e n v ir o n m e n t, as it u s u a lly h a s to (e. g. d r y gas), t h e new m e th o d o f m e a s u r e m e n t is r a p id ly a c c o m p lis h e d . W ith in 2 m in (in w h ic h p e rio d a sw itc h p e a k occurs) th e w a t e r v a p o r loss is r e a d a t a c o n s ta n t le v e l (F ig . 1, c u rv e a). F o rm e rly i t h a s b e e n e s ti m a t e d t h a t th e skin s h o u ld be c o n d itio n e d to th e e n v ir o n m e n t for a t le a s t h a l f a n h o u r before a re lia b le m e a s u re ­ m e n t o f th e w a t e r v a p o r loss c a n be o b ta in e d (T h ie le a n d Sch utter, 1962; T ro n n ie r, 1962). O u r m e th o d o f m e a s u r e m e n t p a s s in g h u m id e n v ir o n m e n ta l a ir u s u a lly a p p e a rs n o t to re q u ire s u c h a lo ng p erio d . T h e re a re , h o w e v e r, c irc u m s ta n c e s in w h ich b y w a y o f p r e c a u tio n th e sa m e w a itin g p e rio d is p re fe rre d , as d e m o n s tr a te d in th e n e x t p a r a ­ g ra p h . A s lig h tly in c re a s e d a m b i e n t t e m p e r a tu r e o r m o d e ra te exercise o fte n c a u se p erso n s to s w e a t s lig h tly . S uch a n o rm a lly u n n o tic e d s w e a tin g h a s t a k e n p la c e in th e second p a r t o f F ig u r e 1. As soon as s w e a tin g s to p p e d , t h e w a t e r v a p o r loss d im in is h e d (c u rv e b). B efore t h e d e h y d r a t io n o f t h e sk in su rfa c e w as c o m p le te d a ren ew ed s p o n ­ ta n e o u s o u t b u r s t o f sw e a t o c c u rre d (i. c. 138 t i g w a t e r / c m 2 sk in ). A t th e e n d o f th is s h o r t sw e a tin g a c t i v i t y c u rv e c w a s r e c o rd e d , bein g id e n tic a l to c u rv e b. I t c a n be c a lc u la te d fro m t h e su rfa c e u n d e r c u rv e s b a n d c, t h a t , follow ing on a p e rio d o f s w e a tin g , t h e sk in lost Spruit, Mullen, Reconditioning of Skin after Sweating 2 9 3 Fig. I . Readings of the w ater loss of the skin a t the volar aspect of the forearm of a healthy volunteer. Measuring cup: 2.0 cm8; air (low: 12.3 ml/min; skin tem perature: 32.6°C; room tem perature: 23.4°C; original humidity of the air passing the skin: 14.0 mg water/1 air (67% RH). 84 re sp . 61 p.g w a t e r p e r cm 2 in to a n a m b i e n t h u m id a tm o s p h e r e in t h e c o u rse o f som e 15 -2 0 m in befo re a s te a d y s t a t e level o f th e s k in ’s w a t e r v a p o r loss w as u l tim a t e ly r e a c h e d . T h is a m o u n t c o rre sp o n d s w ith a n a v e r a g e loss o f a b o u t 4 % w a t e r c o n te n t fro m th e s t r a t u m c o rn c u m . A d r y in g p rocess th e o r e tic a lly e la p se s d ire c tly p ro p o r tio n a l to th e ro o t o f t im e if w a te r h a d b e e n a b s o rb e d w ith th e s a m e s tr e n g th b o th in th e b e g in n in g a n d a t th e e n d o f th e p ro c e ss. If, ho w e v e r, th e la s t a m o u n ts o f w a t e r h a d b e e n a b s o rb e d m o re s tro n g ly - as u s u a lly is th e case - th e d e sc e n d in g c u rv e is s till s te e p e r in th e b e g in n in g o f th e c u rv e . T h e s h a p e o f c u rv e s b a n d c a p p e a r s to c o rre sp o n d w ith su ch a p h e n o m e n o n . S u m m a r y A f te r s w e a tin g t h e s t r a t u m e o rn e u m o f th e fo re a rm loses som e 4 % w a t e r . T h e s te a d y s t a t e level in a m b i e n t a ir is re g a in e d in a q u a r t e r o f an h o u r. 2 9 4 Spruit, Mallen, Reconditioning of Skill after Sweating Z u sa m m e n fa ssu n g N a c h d e in S c h w itz e n v e r li e r t d a s S t r a t u m C o rn e u m des U n te r a rm s u n g e fä h r 4 % W a sse r. D as G le ic h g e w ic h t in n o rm a le r L u f t is t n a c h e in e r V ie rte ls tu n d e w ie d e r e rre ic h t. R ésum é A p rès l ’a c h è v e m e n t de la t r a n s p ir a tio n , le s t r a t u m c o rn e u m de l’a v a n t- b r a s p e r d d ’e n v iro n 4 % d ’e a u . L ’é t a t d ’é q u ilib re av ec l’a ir e n v ir o n n a n t s’a ju s te d a n s u n q u a r t d ’h eu re. References 1. Spruit, U.: Measurement of the water vapor loss from human skin by a thermal conductivity cell. J . appl. Physiol. 23: 994-997 (1967). 2. Thiele, F. A . ./. and Schulter, K.: A new micro method for measuring the water balance of the human skin. J . invest. Derm. 39: 105-109 (1962). 3. Tronnier, II.: Uber die Quellung und Austrocknung der menschlichen H aut und ihre praktische Bedeutung. Parf. Kosmetik 43: 336 (1962). Authors* a d d re s s : D. S p ru it a n d K . E . M alten , a f 1. D e rm a to lo g ie , J a v a s t r a a t 104, Nijmegen (H o llan d )

Journal

Dermatology – Karger

Published: Jan 1, 1969

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