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Purple Urine Bag Syndrome: More Than Eyes Can See

Purple Urine Bag Syndrome: More Than Eyes Can See Background/Aims: Purple urine bag syndrome (PUBS) is an uncommon clinical entity characterized by purple urine discoloration in the setting of urinary tract infections. Pa-thophysiology of PUBS has been correlated to aberrant metabolism of tryptophan. Multiple predisposing factors have been recognized, namely: female gender, advanced age, constipation, institutionalization, long-term catheter-ization, dementia and chronic kidney disease. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of all PUBS cases reported in PubMed, focusing on the predisposing factors and the microorganisms related to PUBS. Methods: We performed a search in PubMed database for articles referring to PUBS, published in English, French, Spanish and German from January 1978 until November 2017. The literature recruitment strategy was based on several keywords and Medical Subject Heading combination such as “purple urine bag syndrome” or PUBS or “urine discoloration”. The finally selected articles were categorized into case reports/series (88 articles including 112 patients) and studies (10 articles including 134 patients). Demographical data as well as predisposing factors were recorded and further analyzed. Results: According to our findings, mean age of PUBS patients was 78.9 ± 12.3 years, 70.7% were female while 90.1% were suffering from constipation, 76.1% were in a bedridden situation, 45.1% were experiencing long-term catheterization, 42.8% had been diagnosed with dementia, 14.3% had recurrent urinary tract infections and 14.1% were chronic kidney disease patients. 91.3% of patients presenting with PUBS alkaline urine were observed while the most common microbe in urine cultures was E. coli. Conclusions: PUBS is considered benign process in the majority of catheterized patients. Clinicians should be aware of the syndrome that may indicate serious comorbidities. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Current Urology Karger

Purple Urine Bag Syndrome: More Than Eyes Can See

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Publisher
Karger
Copyright
© 2019 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger AG, Basel
ISSN
1661-7649
eISSN
1661-7657
DOI
10.1159/000499281
Publisher site
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Abstract

Background/Aims: Purple urine bag syndrome (PUBS) is an uncommon clinical entity characterized by purple urine discoloration in the setting of urinary tract infections. Pa-thophysiology of PUBS has been correlated to aberrant metabolism of tryptophan. Multiple predisposing factors have been recognized, namely: female gender, advanced age, constipation, institutionalization, long-term catheter-ization, dementia and chronic kidney disease. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of all PUBS cases reported in PubMed, focusing on the predisposing factors and the microorganisms related to PUBS. Methods: We performed a search in PubMed database for articles referring to PUBS, published in English, French, Spanish and German from January 1978 until November 2017. The literature recruitment strategy was based on several keywords and Medical Subject Heading combination such as “purple urine bag syndrome” or PUBS or “urine discoloration”. The finally selected articles were categorized into case reports/series (88 articles including 112 patients) and studies (10 articles including 134 patients). Demographical data as well as predisposing factors were recorded and further analyzed. Results: According to our findings, mean age of PUBS patients was 78.9 ± 12.3 years, 70.7% were female while 90.1% were suffering from constipation, 76.1% were in a bedridden situation, 45.1% were experiencing long-term catheterization, 42.8% had been diagnosed with dementia, 14.3% had recurrent urinary tract infections and 14.1% were chronic kidney disease patients. 91.3% of patients presenting with PUBS alkaline urine were observed while the most common microbe in urine cultures was E. coli. Conclusions: PUBS is considered benign process in the majority of catheterized patients. Clinicians should be aware of the syndrome that may indicate serious comorbidities.

Journal

Current Urology – Karger

Published: Jan 1, 2019

Keywords: Purple urine bag syndrome; Purple urine discoloration; Urinary tract infection

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