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Quantitative Measurement of (Na+) and (K+) in Postmortem Human Brain Tissue Indicates Disturbances in Subjects with Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia with Lewy Bodies

Quantitative Measurement of (Na+) and (K+) in Postmortem Human Brain Tissue Indicates... Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with significant disturbances in the homeostasis of Na+ and K+ ions as well as reduced levels of Na+/K+ ATPase in the brain. This study used ICP-MS to accurately quantify Na+ and K+ concentrations in human postmortem brain tissue. We analyzed parietal cortex (Brodmann area 7) from 28 cognitively normal age-matched controls, 15 cases of moderate AD, 30 severe AD, and 15 dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Associations were investigated between (Na+) and (K+) and a number of variables including diagnosis, age, gender, Braak tangle stage, amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque load, tau load, frontal tissue pH, and APOE genotype. Brains from patients with severe AD had significantly higher (26%; p < 0.001) (Na+) (mean 65.43 ± standard error 2.91 mmol/kg) than controls, but the concentration was not significantly altered in moderate AD or DLB. (Na+) correlated positively with Braak stage (r = 0.45; p < 0.0001), indicating association with disease severity. (K+) in tissue was 10% lower (p < 0.05) in moderate AD than controls. However, (K+) in severe AD and DLB (40.97 ± 1.31 mmol/kg) was not significantly different from controls. There was a significant positive correlation between (K+) and Aβ plaque load (r = 0.46; p = 0.035), and frontal tissue pH (r = 0.35; p = 0.008). (Na+) was not associated with (K+) across the groups, and neither ion was associated with tau load or APOE genotype. We have demonstrated disturbances of both (Na+) and (K+) in relation to the severity of AD and markers of AD pathology, although it is possible that these relate to late-stage secondary manifestations of the disease pathology. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of Alzheimer's Disease IOS Press

Quantitative Measurement of (Na+) and (K+) in Postmortem Human Brain Tissue Indicates Disturbances in Subjects with Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia with Lewy Bodies

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Publisher
IOS Press
Copyright
Copyright © 2015 by IOS Press, Inc
ISSN
1387-2877
eISSN
1875-8908
DOI
10.3233/JAD-141869
pmid
25362038
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with significant disturbances in the homeostasis of Na+ and K+ ions as well as reduced levels of Na+/K+ ATPase in the brain. This study used ICP-MS to accurately quantify Na+ and K+ concentrations in human postmortem brain tissue. We analyzed parietal cortex (Brodmann area 7) from 28 cognitively normal age-matched controls, 15 cases of moderate AD, 30 severe AD, and 15 dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Associations were investigated between (Na+) and (K+) and a number of variables including diagnosis, age, gender, Braak tangle stage, amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque load, tau load, frontal tissue pH, and APOE genotype. Brains from patients with severe AD had significantly higher (26%; p < 0.001) (Na+) (mean 65.43 ± standard error 2.91 mmol/kg) than controls, but the concentration was not significantly altered in moderate AD or DLB. (Na+) correlated positively with Braak stage (r = 0.45; p < 0.0001), indicating association with disease severity. (K+) in tissue was 10% lower (p < 0.05) in moderate AD than controls. However, (K+) in severe AD and DLB (40.97 ± 1.31 mmol/kg) was not significantly different from controls. There was a significant positive correlation between (K+) and Aβ plaque load (r = 0.46; p = 0.035), and frontal tissue pH (r = 0.35; p = 0.008). (Na+) was not associated with (K+) across the groups, and neither ion was associated with tau load or APOE genotype. We have demonstrated disturbances of both (Na+) and (K+) in relation to the severity of AD and markers of AD pathology, although it is possible that these relate to late-stage secondary manifestations of the disease pathology.

Journal

Journal of Alzheimer's Disease – IOS Press

Published: Jan 1, 2015

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