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μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) either shortly after conception or before birth may trigger preterm birth (10, 11). Risks of several common birth defects including neural tube defects , oral clefts ...
. An association between the use of ovarian stimulation and the birth of infants with oro-facial clefts has been described (Long et al., 1992). An association between neural tube defects and ovarian stimulation has ...
amputation, ischemia, or defects [1, 2]. It can lead to various malformations such as cleft lip and palate, clubfoot, clubhand, thoracoabdominal wall defects , and internal organ malformations [3, 4 ...
the cleft area, were similar (p = 0.18). Therefore, we cannot say that enamel defects on the cleft side are more extensive and severe than those on the non- cleft side. We observed that the frequency ...
with a nasotracheal tube, and excellent postoperative care in the intensive care unit will limit the risk of laryngeal instability with the anterior approach. For a more extensive cleft involving the thoracic trachea ...
study28 from 7 counties in Texas involving 5338 children with 1 of several birth defects failed to corroborate this observed association between ambient air levels of carbon monoxide and the risk of VSD ...
to identify birth defects for ascertainment and reporting. Similar to other passive birth defects programs, the inpatient hospital discharge database is the primary data source for identifying cases, which ...
with an increased risk of major congenital abnormalities. A spectrum of birth defects , in particular oral clefting , has already been linked with maternal smoking during pregnancy (Kallen, 2000; Shi et al., 2008 ...
and at birth . METHODS: The follow-up study included agreement to genetic counselling and eventual prenatal diagnosis, followed by a physical examination of the children after 2 months, after 1 year and after 2 ...
risk factors among 346 infants with isolated clubfoot and 3,029 infants without defects from the Atlanta Birth Defects Case-Control Study. All infants were born during 1968–1980, and mothers were ...
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