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Cosmic Ray Variability: Century of Its Observations

Cosmic Ray Variability: Century of Its Observations Hindawi Publishing Corporation Advances in Astronomy Volume 2013, Article ID 680435, 2 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/680435 Editorial 1 2 3 Karel Kudela, Badruddin, and José F. Valdés-Galicia Department of Space Physics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 04001 Koˇsice, Slovakia Department of Physics, AligarhMuslimUniversity, Aligarh202 002, India ´ ´ ´ ´ Instituto de Geofısica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico, DF, Mexico Correspondence should be addressed to Karel Kudela; kkudela@kosice.upjs.sk Received 27 February 2013; Accepted 27 February 2013 Copyright © 2013 Karel Kudela et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Cosmic ray (CR) discovery in 1912 initiated the experimental and a part of 24th solar cycle. eTh authors found that the and theoretical studies in various fields of physics. The issue best reproduction of CR intensity is obtained when using call was targeted to variability of CR reflected in low energy sunspot number, IMF, CME-index, and tilt angle of the CR measurements. To understand the propagation of CR in heliospheric current sheet. For the temporal variability of CR, the heliosphere, the knowledge of the diffusion coefficients ´ the paper by J. Perez-Peraza et al. is using another source is important. A paper by J. J. Quenby et al. indicates the of information, namely, records of cosmogenic isotopes Be new possibilities of probing the fine structure of CR prop- and Csuitabletocheck CR variabilityonlongertime agation when using the high count rate CR measurements scales. Using wavelet as well as ARMA technique, the authors on satellites (below the atmospheric cutoff) with the detector revealed the persistence of∼30-year periodicity in CR u fl x having a large geometrical factor. Implications for different that is of importance, for example, in a possible connection descriptions of particle behavior studied in the three cases are with climatic phenomena. reported.Themethodproposed, that is,using localparticle Two papers have been related to solar high energy conditions to check diffusion coefficients with locally derived particle emissions. V. Kurt et al. analyzed the high energy plasma parameters, is a new way of validating the ability gamma and neutron emissions from solar flares as observed to model cosmic wave-particle interaction in a collisionless by low altitude polar satellite CORONAS-F in 2001–2005 regime. Solar modulation is described using a 2D (radius (device SONG). eTh authors showed that SONG response and colatitude) Monte Carlo approach to solve the transport was consistent with neutral pion-decay gamma ray and equation including diffusion, convection, drift, and adiabatic neutron emissions from a couple of flares and the onset energy loss, in a paper by P. Bob´ık et al. In addition to earlier times of GLEs were compared with the time of high energy papers by the group, the IMF is here modified with latitudinal photon emissions. eTh observations of solar neutrons on components and its effect is discussed. satellites areanimportant butnot an easy task.One type Time variability and related modulation eeff cts have of such measurements on ISS is described in a paper by Y. been studied using the ground-based CR measurements Muraki et al. Three years of observations are summarized by in three papers. A. Vecchio et al. using Climax neutron the authors. eir Th analysis shows that solar neutrons were monitor data proposed a new, combined application of the possibly observed in connection with two solar flares, namely, wavelet technique and an empirical mode decomposition. March 7 and June 7 in 2011. eTh authorswereabletodiscern theCRvariationsinduced In addition to ground-based measurements, many of the by thesolar activity andthose possibly relatedtodriftin results on CR variability were obtained on balloons and large scale IMF of heliosphere. H. Mavromichalaki and E. satellites. A review paper by Y. I. Logachev et al. summarizes Paourisusedfor theanalysisdatafromanother neutron selectedresultsofCRresearchobtainedoverlongtimeperiod monitor and CME SOHO catalogue for the period of 23rd by the Russian satellites and balloons. 2 Advances in Astronomy We believethe papers collectedinthisissueconstitutea good sample of relevant contemporary problems in the eld fi of cosmic ray variability and could therefore give the readers a broad view of the topics under discussion in this important field of CR research. Karel Kudela Badruddin JoseF ´ .Valdes-G ´ alicia The Scientific Journal of Journal of Journal of Advances in Gravity Photonics World Journal Soft Matter Condensed Matter Physics Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 Journal of Aerodynamics Journal of Fluids Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 Submit your manuscripts at http://www.hindawi.com International Journal of International Journal of Statistical Mechanics Optics Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 Journal of Thermodynamics Journal of  Computational  Advances in Physics Advances in  Methods in Physics High Energy Physics Research International Astronomy Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 Journal of Journal of Journal of International Journal of Journal of Atomic and Solid State Physics Astrophysics Superconductivity Molecular Physics Biophysics Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Advances in Astronomy Hindawi Publishing Corporation

Cosmic Ray Variability: Century of Its Observations

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Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Copyright
Copyright © 2013 Karel Kudela et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
ISSN
1687-7969
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1687-7977
DOI
10.1155/2013/680435
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Abstract

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Advances in Astronomy Volume 2013, Article ID 680435, 2 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/680435 Editorial 1 2 3 Karel Kudela, Badruddin, and José F. Valdés-Galicia Department of Space Physics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 04001 Koˇsice, Slovakia Department of Physics, AligarhMuslimUniversity, Aligarh202 002, India ´ ´ ´ ´ Instituto de Geofısica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico, DF, Mexico Correspondence should be addressed to Karel Kudela; kkudela@kosice.upjs.sk Received 27 February 2013; Accepted 27 February 2013 Copyright © 2013 Karel Kudela et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Cosmic ray (CR) discovery in 1912 initiated the experimental and a part of 24th solar cycle. eTh authors found that the and theoretical studies in various fields of physics. The issue best reproduction of CR intensity is obtained when using call was targeted to variability of CR reflected in low energy sunspot number, IMF, CME-index, and tilt angle of the CR measurements. To understand the propagation of CR in heliospheric current sheet. For the temporal variability of CR, the heliosphere, the knowledge of the diffusion coefficients ´ the paper by J. Perez-Peraza et al. is using another source is important. A paper by J. J. Quenby et al. indicates the of information, namely, records of cosmogenic isotopes Be new possibilities of probing the fine structure of CR prop- and Csuitabletocheck CR variabilityonlongertime agation when using the high count rate CR measurements scales. Using wavelet as well as ARMA technique, the authors on satellites (below the atmospheric cutoff) with the detector revealed the persistence of∼30-year periodicity in CR u fl x having a large geometrical factor. Implications for different that is of importance, for example, in a possible connection descriptions of particle behavior studied in the three cases are with climatic phenomena. reported.Themethodproposed, that is,using localparticle Two papers have been related to solar high energy conditions to check diffusion coefficients with locally derived particle emissions. V. Kurt et al. analyzed the high energy plasma parameters, is a new way of validating the ability gamma and neutron emissions from solar flares as observed to model cosmic wave-particle interaction in a collisionless by low altitude polar satellite CORONAS-F in 2001–2005 regime. Solar modulation is described using a 2D (radius (device SONG). eTh authors showed that SONG response and colatitude) Monte Carlo approach to solve the transport was consistent with neutral pion-decay gamma ray and equation including diffusion, convection, drift, and adiabatic neutron emissions from a couple of flares and the onset energy loss, in a paper by P. Bob´ık et al. In addition to earlier times of GLEs were compared with the time of high energy papers by the group, the IMF is here modified with latitudinal photon emissions. eTh observations of solar neutrons on components and its effect is discussed. satellites areanimportant butnot an easy task.One type Time variability and related modulation eeff cts have of such measurements on ISS is described in a paper by Y. been studied using the ground-based CR measurements Muraki et al. Three years of observations are summarized by in three papers. A. Vecchio et al. using Climax neutron the authors. eir Th analysis shows that solar neutrons were monitor data proposed a new, combined application of the possibly observed in connection with two solar flares, namely, wavelet technique and an empirical mode decomposition. March 7 and June 7 in 2011. eTh authorswereabletodiscern theCRvariationsinduced In addition to ground-based measurements, many of the by thesolar activity andthose possibly relatedtodriftin results on CR variability were obtained on balloons and large scale IMF of heliosphere. H. Mavromichalaki and E. satellites. A review paper by Y. I. Logachev et al. summarizes Paourisusedfor theanalysisdatafromanother neutron selectedresultsofCRresearchobtainedoverlongtimeperiod monitor and CME SOHO catalogue for the period of 23rd by the Russian satellites and balloons. 2 Advances in Astronomy We believethe papers collectedinthisissueconstitutea good sample of relevant contemporary problems in the eld fi of cosmic ray variability and could therefore give the readers a broad view of the topics under discussion in this important field of CR research. Karel Kudela Badruddin JoseF ´ .Valdes-G ´ alicia The Scientific Journal of Journal of Journal of Advances in Gravity Photonics World Journal Soft Matter Condensed Matter Physics Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 Journal of Aerodynamics Journal of Fluids Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 Submit your manuscripts at http://www.hindawi.com International Journal of International Journal of Statistical Mechanics Optics Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 Journal of Thermodynamics Journal of  Computational  Advances in Physics Advances in  Methods in Physics High Energy Physics Research International Astronomy Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 Journal of Journal of Journal of International Journal of Journal of Atomic and Solid State Physics Astrophysics Superconductivity Molecular Physics Biophysics Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014 http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2014

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Advances in Astronomy – Hindawi Publishing Corporation

Published: Mar 27, 2013

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