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C. Hakim
Key Issues in Women's Work: Female Heterogeneity and the Polarisation of Women's Employment
Rosalind Miles (1988)
The Women's History of the World
C. Lane
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J.H. Murray
Strong‐minded Women and Other Lost Voices from 19th Century England
C. Hakim
Occupational Segregation: A Comparative Study of the Degree and Pattern of the Differentiation Between Men and Women's Work in Britain, The United States and Other Countries
P. Earle (1989)
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Angel Kwolek-folland (1998)
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EOC
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C. Hakim (1996)
Key Issues in Women's Work: Female Diversity and the Polarisation of Women's Employment
EOC
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C. Hall
The home turned upside down? The working class family in cotton textiles 1780‐1850
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Women's Work: The English Experience 1650-1914The Eighteenth Century, 30
S. Walby
Gender Transformations
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The Working Life of Women in the Seventeenth Century
EOC
Women and Men in Britain: Management
A. Woollacott (1994)
Maternalism, professionalism and industrial welfare supervisors in World War I BritainWomens History Review, 3
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Golden age to separate spheres? A review of the categories and chronology of English women's historyThe Historical Journal, 36
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Personnel Management: A New Approach
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Gender and scientific management – Women and the history of the International Institute for Industrial Relations, 1922‐1946Journal of Management History, 6
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Briefings on Women and Men in Britain: Pay
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State education policy and girls' educational experiences
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Out Of The Doll's House: The Story Of Women In The Twentieth Century
Virginia Novarra (1980)
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‘The hidden investment’: women and the enterprise
In pre‐industrial times women managed, not only the household, but aspects of agricultural work such as the dairy, milking, butter and cheese‐making, often disposing of any surplus through trade or commerce. In the nineteenth century women could be found running businesses such as lodging houses and shops. By 1911 women constituted 19 per cent of employers and proprietors and 20 per cent of managers and administrators and higher professionals. Many of today's women managers are “organization” women, part of the professional managerial class which emerged, in the UK, in the immediate post‐war period and it is on these women that the literature concentrates, in an effort to explain why, despite almost 30 years of equality legislation, women remain under represented in management, tend to be occupationally segregated and are paid less than male managers. This paper explores the experiences of today's women managers and compares them with those of their foremothers.
Employee Relations: An International Journal – Emerald Publishing
Published: Jun 1, 2004
Keywords: Women; Managers; United Kingdom; Management history
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