Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
David Kessler (1993)
Integrating Calls for Service with Community- and Problem-Oriented Policing: A Case StudyCrime & Delinquency, 39
D. Bayley, James Garofalo (1989)
THE MANAGEMENT OF VIOLENCE BY POLICE PATROL OFFICERSCriminology, 27
P. Murphy, James Wilson (1968)
Varieties of Police Behavior
James Frank, Steven Brandl, R. Watkins (1997)
The content of community policing: a comparison of the daily activities of community and “beat” officersPolicing-an International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 20
R. Worden, Alissa Pollitz (1984)
POLICE ARRESTS IN DOMESTIC DISTURBANCES: A FURTHER LOOKLaw & Society Review, 18
H. Goldstein
Improving policing: a problem‐oriented approach
D. Klinger (1995)
The Micro-Structure of Nonlethal Force: Baseline Data from an Observational StudyCriminal Justice Review, 20
Douglas Smith, Christy Visher, L. Davidson (1984)
Equity and Discretionary Justice: The Influence of Race on Police Arrest DecisionsJournal of Criminal Law & Criminology, 75
John Webster (1970)
Police Task and Time StudyJournal of Criminal Law & Criminology, 61
D.F. Cawley, H.J. Miron
Managing Patrol Operations
R. Parks, S. Mastrofski, Christina DeJong, M. Gray (1999)
How officers spend their time with the communityJustice Quarterly, 16
D. Bayley (1986)
The tactical choices of police patrol officersJournal of Criminal Justice, 14
R. Spano (2003)
CONCERNS ABOUT SAFETY, OBSERVER SEX, AND THE DECISION TO ARREST: EVIDENCE OF REACTIVITY IN A LARGE-SCALE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF POLICE*Criminology, 41
R. Friedrich (1980)
Police Use of Force: Individuals, Situations, and OrganizationsThe Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 452
J.E. Eck, W. Spelman
Solving Problems: Problem‐oriented Policing in Newport News
M. Sparrow, M. Moore, D. Kennedy (1990)
Beyond 911: A New Era For Policing
Douglas Smith, J. Klein (1984)
Police Control of Interpersonal DisputesSocial Problems, 31
W.G. Gay, T.H. Schell, S. Schack
Prescriptive Package: Improving Patrol Productivity, Volume 1: Routine Patrol
T. Bercal (1970)
Calls for Police AssistanceAmerican Behavioral Scientist, 13
Christine Famega (2003)
DISCRETION OR DIRECTION?: AN ANALYSIS OF PATROL OFFICER DOWNTIME
G.W. Cordner
Police patrol work load studies: a review and critique
M. Scott (2000)
Problem-Oriented Policing: Reflections on the First 20 Years
Dominique Monjardet (2000)
Police and the PublicEuropean Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 8
E. Cumming, I. Cumming, L. Edell
Policeman as a philosopher, friend, and guide
Douglas Smith, Christy Visher (1981)
Street-Level Justice: Situational Determinants of Police Arrest DecisionsSocial Problems, 29
J.E. Boydstun, M. Sherry, N.P. Moelter
Patrol Staffing in San Diego
J. Greene, C. Klockars
What police do
L. Mazerolle, D. Rogan, James Frank, Christine Famega, J. Eck (2002)
Managing citizen calls to the police: the impact of Baltimore's 3-1-1 call systemCriminology and public policy, 2
Brad Smith, Kenneth Novak, James Frank (2001)
Community Policing and the Work Routines of Street-Level OfficersCriminal Justice Review, 26
E. Ostrom (1977)
Policing Metropolitan America.
Purpose – To summarize and compare both the methodology and findings of existing studies of patrol officer workload that have contributed to what is known about “downtime” (time not responding to citizen calls for service), and provide more standardized estimates of downtime for comparison purposes. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 11 studies of police workload published between 1970 and 2001 that used data collected through either dispatch records or systematic social observations of police officers, and reported information regarding the amount and use of patrol officer downtime, are summarized and compared. The studies report information for 13 different (US) police departments and averages for the 24 departments studied in the Police Services Study (1977). A consistent measure of downtime is estimated for each study. Findings – A consistent measure of downtime estimated for each study yields more similar results across studies than the originally reported findings suggest. For the studies that used data collected through dispatch records, the average amount of downtime is 70 percent of a patrol officer's shift, for the studies that used systematic social observation data 79 percent. Observations regarding the methodologies and contributions of workload studies are discussed. Research limitations/implications – Suggested changes in the reporting of future workload study findings would provide more accurate information and facilitate comparisons across studies, benefiting both researchers and police administrators. Practical implications – These findings suggest patrol officers always have had, and continue to have, a lot of downtime available for restructuring. Originality/value – Compiles, organizes, and compares information regarding what is known about the amount and use of patrol officer downtime, and suggests researchers and administrators consider approaching the study and use of downtime in new ways.
Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management – Emerald Publishing
Published: Sep 1, 2005
Keywords: Policing; Work design; Job satisfaction
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.