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SYNTHETIC OILS for AUTO and STEAM CYLINDERS COM E details of practical tests with synthetic lub- A GERMAN WARTIME DEVELOPMENT ricatin g oils, developed during war time in Germany , hav e recentl y been published , an d th e follow ing is an abstract from an article by H. Külbel and of engine was employed but the two oils were used A. Meusel, entitled Ueber die praktische Erprobung alternately . Synthetic oil again showed its super synthetischer Schmieröle, published in a recent issue of iority. If wear with conventional oil be taken as Konstruktion (1951, Vol. 3, No . 7). These tests relate 100, then the piston ring wear with synthetic oil was t o the use of these lubricants in automobile engines onl y 70.G an d that of cylinder wear only 33.4. an d also as steam cylinder lubricants. A preliminary Syntheti c lubricating oil showed slightly greater not e by th e Editor also point s ou t tha t these lubricants increase in viscosity after use than the conventional ma y prove useful in marine diesel engines burning oil, bu t increase in resin an d asphalt was abou t equal heav y bunker oil, since they appear to possess the a t 4 per cent for both oils. propert y of softening th e har d carbon formed b y these fuel oils. Steam Cylinder Lubrication Tests. Th e Chemische Werke Rheinpreussen synthesized Test s were also carried ou t with a super heat steam thei r oils by alkylating naphthalene and the tests cylinder oil, an d this work was encouraged by success described below were made during war time bu t have ful experiments on a marine engine at Borsig Works onl y recently been published. Rheinprussen's pro of Berlin-Tegel. The steam engine was a MAN ductio n of synthetic oils, as described, and used for stationar y type, and the makers arranged for lubricatin g turbines, i.e. engines and steam cylinders, Rheinpreusse n to try out the synthetic oils on this is stated to have reached 3,G00 tons per annum in engine which had been previously installed at the th e years 1942-1945. works of one of their customers. Two conventional brande d grades were tested against two grades of Th e Automobile Engine Tests. syntheti c lubricant. Th e engine used for the tests was a standard 4- Stea m temperatures when using the conventional cylinder 42 h.p. engine which ha d been run-in on the oils was not raised beyond 320°C. during its 180 days benc h for 110 hours. It was then taken to pieces test , but during the 132 days test on synthetic oil, an d carefully cleaned, all valves, piston rings and temperature s were raised to 430°C. for two weeks. wiper oil rings being weighed. Top, middle and After just over 1,100 hours running on conventional lower diameters of th e cylinder bore were measured to cylinder oil, cylinder wear was 0.7 mm. and that of withi n .001 mm. The fuel was a petrol-benzene pisto n rings 2.9 mm. Wear after an equal running mixtur e and the engine was run with open throttle tim e on synthetic oil was only 0.01 mm. on cylinder an d braked down t o 2,100/2,200 r.p.m., corresponding walls an d 0.05 mm . on piston rings. Oil consumption t o an outpu t of 26/27 h.p. o n conventional oil was 0.571 gal/h.p./hr. on this engine before the war, but this was reduced with Oil temperature was first kept to 100°C. bu t later syntheti c oil t o 0.20 with one grade an d 0.306 wit h th e raise d to 120°C. in order to subject it to severe con other , a saving of 50 per cent. ditions . The branded oil an d the synthetic lubricant ha d similar viscosities and the former corresponded A table of results was recorded as follows :— t o th e best Pennsylvania grade. Test s were carried out by day, cold starting each TEST S WIT H SUPERHEATE D STEAM CYLINDE R OILS morning , and synthetic oil was first tested in seven CONVENTIONAL GRADE VERSUS SYNTHETIC GRADE. test s lasting fifty hours each. The oil was changed after each test which corresponded to 3,000 km. (1,803 miles). After completion of seven tests, the Mean Mean Cylinder Pisto n Period Oil engine was taken down and all piston rings were free. wear Ring wear DATES in Used. All measurements of wear were recorded. i n mm. in mm. days . Th e branded oil was then subjected to similar testin g and the engine again dismantled, when all Brande d 5.12.40 to pisto n rings, except the oil wiper ring, were stuck. 25.1.41 52 A an d B 0.4 2.7 Th e wear on the piston rings an d increase in cylinder 25.1.41 to Brande d no diamete r served as measurement of lubricating 8.3.41 43 mainl y A record 0.33 efficiency. The wear with synthetic oil was con 8.3.41 to Brande d 1.4.41 24 A an d B 0.6 2.20 siderabl y less tha n that with conventional oil. Brande d 1.4.41 to Since i t could be objected tha t th e high consumption 1.6.41 61 mainl y A 0.1 0.35 of conventional oil was due, in part, to wear caused 2.6.41 to durin g the first operating period on synthetic oil, a 11.10.41 132 Syntheti c 0.02 0.05 second series of test s was carried out. The sam e type Scientific LUBRICATION 19 April, 1952
Industrial Lubrication and Tribology – Emerald Publishing
Published: Apr 1, 1952
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