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A new, two-stage combustor designed to significantly reduce emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) initiated engine test Low NOx Emissions Combustor ing at Pratt & Whitney's main facility to evaluate its operational characteristics Begins Tests at P&W before adaptation to P&W commercial jet engines. The axially staged combustor's (ASC) downstream from the pilot stage, which optimum emissions at idle, takeoff and first application will be in the is located at the front end of the combus cruise. International Aero Engines (IAE) tor. Although the contribution of aviation V2500-A5 engines; P&W is a 30 per The pilot stage alone is used for igni pollution to environmental damage has cent partner in the five-nation IAE con tion and idle. Both stages, however, are been considered and judged to be small sortium. Certification of the combustor compared to other man-made sources, fueled at the engine's high-power condi in the V2500 is expected in late 1995. there are still reasons to justify the tions of takeoff and climb, as well as An ASC combustor also will be adapted cruise, because these flight stages typi reduction of oxides of nitrogen. There is to Pratt & Whitney's PW4000 engine cally consume the most fuel. The great a risk of concentrated NOx emissions in for wide-body aircraft and will be est amount of NOx is formed where the airport areas and in the stratosphere. applied to future P&W engines now in most fuel is burned. Engine emissions of NOx today are development. In the new combustor, the proportion less than 50 percent of the levels some The combustor was installed for the of fuel to air used in the combustion 20 years ago, and the new technology in first time in a full scale V2500 engine, process at high power is relatively low, the V2500 combustor will contribute or lean, and the mixture spends a shorter further reductions. The axially staged after a series of full-scale, high-pressure rig tests at Pratt & Whitney, and began time at high temperature compared to combustor will reduce NOx emissions full operational runs the second week of current-technology combustors. Because by more than 35% in airport vicinities June. These initial tests will include NOx is primarily a product of a high- and by about 50% at cruise. starting, acceleration and deceleration to temperature reaction of oxygen and International Aero Engines is an inter nitrogen, the fuel-lean, low-temperature evaluate the operational capability of the national collaboration consisting of Pratt two-stage design and to obtain the first environment of the axially staged com- & Whitney, Rolls-Royce, MTU, Fiat assessment of emissions in the engine bustor, therefore, will generate lower and JAEC of Japan. environment. Emissions data obtained levels of NOx emissions than is possible Pratt & Whitney is a unit of United will be used to confirm results obtained today. Technologies Corporation, based in in the earlier component tests. Conversely, a fuel-rich mixture is Hartford, Connecticut. The new combustor employs two fuel used with the pilot stage at engine idle, injection stages—with two sets of inde significantly reducing unbumed hydro United Technologies, Pratt & pendent fuel nozzles—rather than the carbon and carbon monoxide emissions. Whitney, 400 Main Street, East single injection stage used in current Full authority digital electronic controls Hartford, Connecticut 06108 USA. engines. The main fuel stage is axially modulate the fuel-air proportions for Tel: 203 565 9600. It has been selected by more than 80 per cent of Boeing 757 operators and the First RB211 Fan Case E4 version, which introduced the unique Rolls-Royce wide-chord fan in 1984, has achieved five million hours in airline service. PARSONS Turbine Generators has pro duced its first fan case for a Rolls-Royce Parsons built the new facility follow RB211-535E4 aero engine. ing a competitive bid to the Rolls-Royce Aerospace Group. Forty four people are It was made at Parsons' Heaton currently employed in the facility, most Works in Newcastle upon Tyne and has of whom have transferred from other since been delivered to the Rolls-Royce Aerospace Group's engine build line in departments within Parsons. Derby. Trevor Murch, Managing Director of Parsons Turbine Generators, said: "I am Parsons, part of the Rolls-Royce Industrial Power Group, invested £5 delighted that Parsons has now com million in building its dedicated fan case pleted and handed over its first RB211 facility which was officially opened by fan case. This is an important diversifi HRH The Duke of York in January. cation for Parsons and an opportunity for us to manufacture a new product A further 13 RB211-535E4 fan cases using our existing skills. It is also a good will be manufactured by Parsons this example of the benefits we are gaining year and the rate of production will be by being part of Rolls-Royce." stepped up to more than 40 during 1994. The RB211-535 is one of Rolls- Royce's most successful aero engines. Rolls Royce Industrial Power This year marks its 10th anniversary and Group, NEI House, Regent Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne NE3 3SB. Tel: the number of engines in service is approaching 600. 091-401-4205. Fax: 091-401-4167. AIRCRAFT ENGINEERING - DECEMBER 1993 19
Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology – Emerald Publishing
Published: Dec 1, 1993
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