Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
N. Kodate, K. Kodate, T. Kodate (2014)
Paving the way and passing the torch: mentors’ motivation and experience of supporting women in optical engineeringEuropean Journal of Engineering Education, 39
K. Bryett (1999)
The policing dynamicPolicing-an International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 22
British Journal of Criminology, 36
J. Gaub (2020)
Understanding Police Misconduct Correlates: Does Gender Matter in Predicting Career-Ending Misconduct?Women & Criminal Justice, 30
Ian Adams, Sharon Mastracci (2020)
Contrasting emotional labor and burnout in civilian and sworn law enforcement personnel, 43
M. Morash, R. Haarr (2012)
Doing, Redoing, and Undoing GenderFeminist Criminology, 7
N. Todak, M. White (2019)
Expert officer perceptions of de-escalation in policingPolicing: An International Journal
D. McCarthy (2013)
Gendering ‘Soft’ policing: multi-agency working, female cops, and the fluidities of police culture/sPolicing and Society, 23
R. Boivin, Camille Faubert, Annie Gendron, Bruno Poulin (2018)
The ‘us vs them’ mentality: a comparison of police cadets at different stages of their trainingPolice Practice and Research, 21
E. Paoline (2004)
Shedding Light on Police Culture: An Examination of Officers’ Occupational AttitudesPolice Quarterly, 7
Jennifer Brown, J. Fleming, M. Silvestri, Kenisha Linton, Ioanna Gouseti (2018)
Implications of police occupational culture in discriminatory experiences of senior women in police forces in England and WalesPolicing and Society, 29
Cara Rabe-Hemp (2008)
Survival in an “all boys club”: policewomen and their fight for acceptancePolicing-an International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 31
K. Friend, M. Gordon, Bill Scarbrough, D. Collins, Kyra Fritz, S. Smoot, J. Copple, Colleen Copple, N. Joyce (2020)
Sentinel event reviews in the criminal justice system: a review of the literatureCriminal Justice Studies, 33
E. Paoline (2003)
Taking stock: Toward a richer understanding of police cultureJournal of Criminal Justice, 31
Gavin Dick, B. Metcalfe (2001)
Managerial factors and organisational commitment ‐ A comparative study of police officers and civilian staffInternational Journal of Public Sector Management, 14
(2021)
How the police bank millions through their union contracts”, ProPublica, available at
Natalie Byfield (2019)
Race science and surveillance: police as the new race scientistsSocial Identities, 25
Kristin Klimley, V. Hasselt, Ashley Stripling (2018)
Posttraumatic stress disorder in police, firefighters, and emergency dispatchersAggression and Violent Behavior
(2022b)
Telecommunicator reclassification map
Krystle Martin, Alifa Siddiqui, R. Ricciardelli, L. Lentz, R. Carleton (2021)
Differences in Mental Health, Help-Seeking and Barriers to Care Between Civilians and Sworn Members Working in Law Enforcement: A Research NoteJournal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 36
William McCarty, W. Skogan (2013)
Job-Related Burnout Among Civilian and Sworn Police PersonnelPolice Quarterly, 16
E. Maguire (1997)
Structural change in large municipal police organizations during the community policing eraJustice Quarterly, 14
Janet Chan (1997)
Changing Police Culture: Bibliography of Works Cited
(2022a)
NENA telecommunicator cardiopulmonary resuscitation (T-CPR) standard
Jessica Gillooly (2021)
“Lights and Sirens”: Variation in 911 Call‐Taker Risk Appraisal and its Effects on Police Officer Perceptions at the SceneJournal of Policy Analysis and Management
S. Herbert (1998)
POLICE SUBCULTURE RECONSIDEREDCriminology, 36
(1979)
Bending granite: attempts to change the rank structure of American police departments
W. Terrill, E. Paoline, P. Manning (2003)
POLICE CULTURE AND COERCIONCriminology, 41
B.B. Smith (2013)
Officer safety and survival for dispatchers?
E. Paoline, J. Gau (2018)
Police Occupational Culture: Testing the Monolithic Model*Justice Quarterly, 35
J. Maanen (1975)
Police organization: A longitudinal examination of job attitudes in an urban police department.Administrative Science Quarterly, 20
(2012)
9-1-1 telecommunication: duty-related trauma exposure and mental health outcomes
L. Lentz, P. Silverstone, Yasmeen Krameddine (2020)
High Rates of Mental Health Disorders in Civilian Employees Working in Police OrganizationsFrontiers in Psychology, 11
(2022)
About NPSTW
(2021)
New research suggests 911 call centers lack resources to handle behavioral health crises
J. Hunt (1990)
The Logic of Sexism Among PoliceWomen & Criminal Justice, 1
K. Campbell, E. Orr, P. Durepos, Linda Nguyen, Lin Li, C. Whitmore, Paige Gehrke, L. Graham, S. Jack (2021)
Reflexive Thematic Analysis for Applied Qualitative Health ResearchThe Qualitative Report
Courtney Marsh (2019)
It’s a Man’s World, Try to Convince the Men Otherwise: The Role of Women in Irish PolicingWomen & Criminal Justice, 29
A. Reiss, (1992)
Police Organization in the Twentieth CenturyCrime and Justice, 15
K. Luthans (2000)
Recognition: A Powerful, but often Overlooked, Leadership Tool to Improve Employee PerformanceJournal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 7
D. Matthews (2021)
How police unions became so powerful - and how they can be tamed, Vox
Megan Alderden, W. Skogan (2014)
The place of civilians in policingPolicing-an International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 37
S.S. Hyland, E. Davis (2019)
Local police departments 2016: personnel
J. Gaub, Kristy Holtfreter (2021)
Keeping the Women Out: A Gendered Organizational Approach to Understanding Early Career-Ending Police MisconductCrime & Delinquency, 68
M. Silvestri (2015)
Gender Diversity: Two Steps Forward, One Step Back …Policing-an International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 9
J. Brooks, N. King (2017)
Applied Qualitative Research in Psychology
B. Loveday (2006)
Policing Performance: The Impact of Performance Measures and Targets on Police Forces in England and WalesInternational Journal of Police Science & Management, 8
Scott Phillips (2020)
The formation of suspicion: A vignette studyInternational Journal of Police Science & Management, 22
While police culture typically refers to the culture among sworn police personnel, there are internal cultural differences between subgroups. This has been documented among sworn personnel, such as the difference between street cops and management cops (Reuss-Ianni, 1983). The divide between professional and sworn staff in a law enforcement context has also been discussed at length (Maguire, 1997; Reiss, 1992), specifically the “us versus them” mentality that stems from feelings of isolation among professional and sworn staff. The relationship between dispatchers and officers is vital to public and officer safety; it is imperative that cultural barriers preventing effective collaboration between two of the most critical components of policing are identified, and recommendations to bridge the gap are provided.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use semi-structured interview data from a sample of peer-nominated top dispatch de-escalators (TDDs) considered highly skilled at de-escalation with callers and officers. Reflexive coding techniques were used to identify key themes in an area largely unexamined by research.FindingsThe authors find that the police culture creates friction between sworn officers and dispatchers in a number of contexts. This diminishes organizational commitment and increases burnout and frustration.Practical implicationsThere are several policy recommendations for both communications centers and sworn staff to foster understanding and increase collaboration, all of which may result in improved outcomes for community members, dispatchers and officers.Originality/valueThe authors use qualitative methods to explore the implications of the sworn-civilian divide for police practice, such as more effective de-escalation and incident resolution, as well as the conceptualization of police culture writ large.
Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management – Emerald Publishing
Published: Feb 17, 2023
Keywords: Policing; Qualitative research; Police culture; Dispatch
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.