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Electrical Equipment in Aircraft

Electrical Equipment in Aircraft 258 AIRCRAFT ENGINEERIN G August, 1938 Hint s for Ground Engineers on the Location and Remedy of Troubles TABLE; I LTHOUG H the Ground Engineer may take every precaution to eliminate all How to Locate and Remedy Dynamo Trouble possible causes o{ trouble in electrical Constant Voltage Dynamo Constant Current Dynamo equipment, failure may occasionally develop through causes outside his control. The most Symptoms Probable Cause Remedy Symptoms Probable Cause Nemedy probable faults have been tabulated, according to the symptoms which are displayed, in the Dynam o not charging Examin e charging Dynam o not charging Examin e charging circui t wiring. due to:— circui t wiring. du e to broken or " fault-finding " tables here published. Tighte n loose con­ Broken or loose con­ Tighte n loose con­ loose connexion in nexio n or replace nexion in charging nexion s or replace chargin g circuit As the sources of many troubles likely to be broke n lead. Par­ Ammete r fails to circui t or regulator broke n lead. Par­ causin g field fuse to ticularl y examine met are by no means obvious, a few hints on the indicate, charge ou t of adjustment, ticularl y examine blow. batter y connexions, whe n running causin g field fuse to batter y connexions. best way to make use of these tables will not be Fi t replacemen t wit h no lights blow. Fi t replacement fuse. out of place. In some cases a considerable fuse. in use, or gives Retur n regulator to heav y dis­ maker s for. adjust­ amount of deduction from the symptoms is charg e with ment . Commutato r greasy Clean with soft rag needed before the cause of the trouble is light s on. or dirty. moistene d with Commutato r dirty or Clean with soft rag petrol . disclosed. greasy . moistene d in petrol. Ammete r fails to Reversed polarity due Move charge switch indicat e charge Dynam o giving low or l o either dynamo an d lighting switch when running Ammeter Readings intermitten t output, havin g been motored l o "on " position, wit h no lights du e to :— wit h field switch amd rum dynamo Much evidence can be gained from the in use, or gives (charge) "off" or normally . If trouble heav y dis­ ammeter. ] f for instance, no charge reading is Loose or broken con­ Examin e charging th e battery being is not cured, short charg e with nexion s in dynamo circui t wiring. accidentall y con­ field fuse with a indicated when the engine is running with the light s on. circuit . Tighte n loose con­ necte d the wrong lengt h of wire, and charging switch in the full charge position and Ammete r gives nexion s or replace way round. wit h lighting switch intermitten t broke n lead. Par­ an d charge switch the lights " off," the generator is failing to charg e reading. ticularl y examine still "on," motor batter y connexions. th e armature by charge. To ensure that the ammeter is not at shortin g terminals fault, the lights should be switched on, while Co m in u t a to r or Clean. 5 and A on the cut­ brushe s greasy. out . The dynamo the aeroplane is stationary, when a reading on should then func­ Brushes worn, not Replace worn brushes. tio n correctly. the discharge side of the ammeter scale should fitted correctly, or See that brushes Remov e short- be observed. Again, if the maximum ammeter wrong type. "bed " correctly. circuitin g wires and replac e fuse. reading is much below normal when the Dynam o giving high outpu t due to :— Dynam o giving low or generator is charging, or if the needle fluctuates intermitten t output when the engine is running steadily, a low or Ammete r gives Regulato r out of Retur n regulator to du e to: — excessiv e adjustment . maker s for adjust­ intermittent generator output can be suspected. charg e reading. Examin e charging ment . Loose or broken con­ circui t wiring. nexions in dynamo Tighte n loose, con­ circuit . nexion s or replace Ammete r gives TABLE II broke n lead. Par­ low or inter­ ticularl y examine mitten t charge How to Locate and Remedy Lighting Troubles batter y connexions. reading. Constant Current Type Dynamo Constant Voltage Type Dynamo Co m m u t a t o r or Clean. brushe s greasy. Symptoms Probable Cause Remedy Symptoms Probable Cause Remedy Brushes worn, not Replace worn brushes. fitte d correctly or See that brushes Lamp s give in­ Batter y discharged. Charge battery either Lamp s give in- Bulb s discoloured , Fi t new bulbs. wron g type. "bed " correctly. sufficient il­ b y a long period of sullicient il­ throug h us . lumination . day-tim e running or lumination . Dynam o giving high from independent outpu t due to :— electrica l supply. Brilliance varies Batter y c onnexio n Tighten connexions or wit h speed of loose or broken. replace faulty cables. Loose connexions in Kxamin e charging Bulbs discoloure d Fi t new bulbs. plane . dynam o charging circui t wiring. Par­ throug h use. circuit . ticularl y battery Light s flicker. Loose connexion. Locat e loose con­ connexions . Tighten Lam p sligh t when Batter y discharged. As above. nexion and tighten. loose connexions. Ammete r gives switche d on. high charge bu t gradually Examin e wiring for Failure of lights. Fuse blown. reading . Batter y acid level low. "To p up " cells with fade out. fault y cables and distille d water. remedy . Fit re­ Brilliance varies As above. placemen t fuse. Batter y discharged. Brushes not fitted See that brushes with speed of correctly . "bed " correctly. plane . Batter y connexion Tighte n connexions or Loose or broken con­ Locat e and tighten loose or broken. loose connexion or replac e faulty cables. nexion . re-mak e broken con­ Control bush position Hav e control brush nexion . altered . adjustmen t re-set. Light s flicker. Loose connexion. Locat e loose connexio n an d tighten. Failure of lights. Fus e blown. Examin e wiring for The generator may have been neglected, and battery, the switchboard should next be fault y cables and the trouble could be caused by, say, worn examined ; particularly see that all the remedy . Fit re­ placemen t fuse. brushes or a dirty commutator. terminals are quite tight. If one particular lamp does not light, look for a broken filament Should the intensity of the lights vary, or Batter y discharged. As above. or a loose connexion at the lamp. When the should they fail entirely, it is probably due to Loose or broken con­ Locate and tighten the battery terminals being allowed to corrode, aeroplane is stationary and the lamps light nexion . loose connexion, or re-mak e broken con­ and the consequent breaking of a connexion. when switched on, but gradually go out, the nexion . If the cause of the trouble is not located at the batter y is probably exhausted. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology Emerald Publishing

Electrical Equipment in Aircraft

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology , Volume 10 (8): 1 – Aug 1, 1938
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Publisher
Emerald Publishing
Copyright
Copyright © Emerald Group Publishing Limited
ISSN
0002-2667
DOI
10.1108/eb030359
Publisher site
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Abstract

258 AIRCRAFT ENGINEERIN G August, 1938 Hint s for Ground Engineers on the Location and Remedy of Troubles TABLE; I LTHOUG H the Ground Engineer may take every precaution to eliminate all How to Locate and Remedy Dynamo Trouble possible causes o{ trouble in electrical Constant Voltage Dynamo Constant Current Dynamo equipment, failure may occasionally develop through causes outside his control. The most Symptoms Probable Cause Remedy Symptoms Probable Cause Nemedy probable faults have been tabulated, according to the symptoms which are displayed, in the Dynam o not charging Examin e charging Dynam o not charging Examin e charging circui t wiring. due to:— circui t wiring. du e to broken or " fault-finding " tables here published. Tighte n loose con­ Broken or loose con­ Tighte n loose con­ loose connexion in nexio n or replace nexion in charging nexion s or replace chargin g circuit As the sources of many troubles likely to be broke n lead. Par­ Ammete r fails to circui t or regulator broke n lead. Par­ causin g field fuse to ticularl y examine met are by no means obvious, a few hints on the indicate, charge ou t of adjustment, ticularl y examine blow. batter y connexions, whe n running causin g field fuse to batter y connexions. best way to make use of these tables will not be Fi t replacemen t wit h no lights blow. Fi t replacement fuse. out of place. In some cases a considerable fuse. in use, or gives Retur n regulator to heav y dis­ maker s for. adjust­ amount of deduction from the symptoms is charg e with ment . Commutato r greasy Clean with soft rag needed before the cause of the trouble is light s on. or dirty. moistene d with Commutato r dirty or Clean with soft rag petrol . disclosed. greasy . moistene d in petrol. Ammete r fails to Reversed polarity due Move charge switch indicat e charge Dynam o giving low or l o either dynamo an d lighting switch when running Ammeter Readings intermitten t output, havin g been motored l o "on " position, wit h no lights du e to :— wit h field switch amd rum dynamo Much evidence can be gained from the in use, or gives (charge) "off" or normally . If trouble heav y dis­ ammeter. ] f for instance, no charge reading is Loose or broken con­ Examin e charging th e battery being is not cured, short charg e with nexion s in dynamo circui t wiring. accidentall y con­ field fuse with a indicated when the engine is running with the light s on. circuit . Tighte n loose con­ necte d the wrong lengt h of wire, and charging switch in the full charge position and Ammete r gives nexion s or replace way round. wit h lighting switch intermitten t broke n lead. Par­ an d charge switch the lights " off," the generator is failing to charg e reading. ticularl y examine still "on," motor batter y connexions. th e armature by charge. To ensure that the ammeter is not at shortin g terminals fault, the lights should be switched on, while Co m in u t a to r or Clean. 5 and A on the cut­ brushe s greasy. out . The dynamo the aeroplane is stationary, when a reading on should then func­ Brushes worn, not Replace worn brushes. tio n correctly. the discharge side of the ammeter scale should fitted correctly, or See that brushes Remov e short- be observed. Again, if the maximum ammeter wrong type. "bed " correctly. circuitin g wires and replac e fuse. reading is much below normal when the Dynam o giving high outpu t due to :— Dynam o giving low or generator is charging, or if the needle fluctuates intermitten t output when the engine is running steadily, a low or Ammete r gives Regulato r out of Retur n regulator to du e to: — excessiv e adjustment . maker s for adjust­ intermittent generator output can be suspected. charg e reading. Examin e charging ment . Loose or broken con­ circui t wiring. nexions in dynamo Tighte n loose, con­ circuit . nexion s or replace Ammete r gives TABLE II broke n lead. Par­ low or inter­ ticularl y examine mitten t charge How to Locate and Remedy Lighting Troubles batter y connexions. reading. Constant Current Type Dynamo Constant Voltage Type Dynamo Co m m u t a t o r or Clean. brushe s greasy. Symptoms Probable Cause Remedy Symptoms Probable Cause Remedy Brushes worn, not Replace worn brushes. fitte d correctly or See that brushes Lamp s give in­ Batter y discharged. Charge battery either Lamp s give in- Bulb s discoloured , Fi t new bulbs. wron g type. "bed " correctly. sufficient il­ b y a long period of sullicient il­ throug h us . lumination . day-tim e running or lumination . Dynam o giving high from independent outpu t due to :— electrica l supply. Brilliance varies Batter y c onnexio n Tighten connexions or wit h speed of loose or broken. replace faulty cables. Loose connexions in Kxamin e charging Bulbs discoloure d Fi t new bulbs. plane . dynam o charging circui t wiring. Par­ throug h use. circuit . ticularl y battery Light s flicker. Loose connexion. Locat e loose con­ connexions . Tighten Lam p sligh t when Batter y discharged. As above. nexion and tighten. loose connexions. Ammete r gives switche d on. high charge bu t gradually Examin e wiring for Failure of lights. Fuse blown. reading . Batter y acid level low. "To p up " cells with fade out. fault y cables and distille d water. remedy . Fit re­ Brilliance varies As above. placemen t fuse. Batter y discharged. Brushes not fitted See that brushes with speed of correctly . "bed " correctly. plane . Batter y connexion Tighte n connexions or Loose or broken con­ Locat e and tighten loose or broken. loose connexion or replac e faulty cables. nexion . re-mak e broken con­ Control bush position Hav e control brush nexion . altered . adjustmen t re-set. Light s flicker. Loose connexion. Locat e loose connexio n an d tighten. Failure of lights. Fus e blown. Examin e wiring for The generator may have been neglected, and battery, the switchboard should next be fault y cables and the trouble could be caused by, say, worn examined ; particularly see that all the remedy . Fit re­ placemen t fuse. brushes or a dirty commutator. terminals are quite tight. If one particular lamp does not light, look for a broken filament Should the intensity of the lights vary, or Batter y discharged. As above. or a loose connexion at the lamp. When the should they fail entirely, it is probably due to Loose or broken con­ Locate and tighten the battery terminals being allowed to corrode, aeroplane is stationary and the lamps light nexion . loose connexion, or re-mak e broken con­ and the consequent breaking of a connexion. when switched on, but gradually go out, the nexion . If the cause of the trouble is not located at the batter y is probably exhausted.

Journal

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology – Emerald Publishing

Published: Aug 1, 1938

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