Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
Rita McGrath, I. MacMillan, Sari Scheinberg (1992)
Elitists, risk-takers, and rugged individualists? An exploratory analysis of cultural differences between entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneursJournal of Business Venturing, 7
P. Slovic (1987)
Perception of risk.Science, 236 4799
M. Simon, Susan Houghton, Karl Aquino (2000)
Cognitive biases, risk perception, and venture formation: How individuals decide to start companiesJournal of Business Venturing, 15
C. Cox, R. Jennings (1995)
The foundations of successLeadership & Organization Development Journal, 16
Wayne Stewart, Warren Watson, Joann Carland, James Carland (1999)
A proclivity for entrepreneurship: A comparison of entrepreneurs, small business owners, and corporate managersJournal of Business Venturing, 14
N. Krueger (1993)
The Impact of Prior Entrepreneurial Exposure on Perceptions of New Venture Feasibility and Desirability*Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 18
Lowell Busenitz, J. Barney (1997)
Differences between entrepreneurs and managers in large organizations: Biases and heuristics in strategic decision-makingJournal of Business Venturing, 12
G. Dowling, R. Staelin (1994)
A Model of Perceived Risk and Intended Risk-handling ActivityJournal of Consumer Research, 21
James DeCarlo, Paul Lyons (1979)
A Comparison of Selected Personal Characteristics of Minority and Non-Minority Female Entrepreneurs., 1979
H. Stevenson, Michael Roberts, H. Grousbeck (1974)
New business ventures and the entrepreneur
Robert Davis, D. Mcclelland (1962)
The Achieving SocietyTechnology and Culture, 3
Michaela. Palmer (1971)
The Application of Psychological Testing to Entrepreneurial PotentialCalifornia Management Review, 13
B. Ritchie, D. Marshall (1993)
Business Risk Management
John Thompson (1999)
A strategic perspective of entrepreneurshipInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, 5
James Chrisman, F. Hoy, R. Robinson (1987)
New venture development: The costs and benefits of public sector assistanceJournal of Business Venturing, 2
B. Ritchie, C. Brindley (2001)
The information‐risk conundrumMarketing Intelligence & Planning, 19
D. Forlani, J. Mullins (2000)
Perceived risks and choices in entrepreneurs' new venture decisionsJournal of Business Venturing, 15
Soga Ewedemi, K. MacCrimmon, D. Wehrung, W. Stanbury (1987)
Taking Risks, the Management of UncertaintyJournal of Risk and Insurance, 54
T. Begley, D. Boyd (1987)
Psychological characteristics associated with performence in entrepreneurial firms and smaller businessesJournal of Business Venturing, 2
Baruch Fischhoff, P. Slovic, S. Lichtenstein (1977)
Knowing with Certainty: The Appropriateness of Extreme Confidence.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 3
Nancy Boyd, G. Vozikis (1994)
The Influence of Self-Efficacy on the Development of Entrepreneurial Intentions and ActionsEntrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 18
M. Eichler (1981)
The double standard : a feminist critique of feminist social scienceContemporary Sociology, 10
D. Ray (1994)
The role of risk-taking in SingaporeJournal of Business Venturing, 9
S. Sitkin, L. Weingart (1995)
Determinants of Risky Decision-Making Behavior: A Test of the Mediating Role of Risk Perceptions and PropensityAcademy of Management Journal, 38
C. Praag, J. Cramer (2001)
The Roots of Entrepreneurship and Labour Demand: Individual Ability and Low Risk AversionEconomica, 68
H. Koh (1996)
Testing hypotheses of entrepreneurial characteristics: A study of Hong Kong MBA studentsJournal of Managerial Psychology, 11
S. Birley (1987)
Female entrepreneurs : are they really any different?Journal of Small Business Management, 27
A. Bruce, Johnnie Johnson (1996)
Gender-based differences in leisure behaviour: performance, risk-taking and confidence in off-course betting.Leisure Studies, 15
P. Dubini (1989)
Which venture capital backed entrepreneurs have the best chances of succeedingJournal of Business Venturing, 4
Bernard Sarachek (1978)
American Entrepreneurs and the Horatio Alger MythThe Journal of Economic History, 38
M. Blume (1971)
ON THE ASSESSMENT OF RISKJournal of Finance, 26
Kellye Jones (2000)
Psychodynamics, gender, and reactionary entrepreneurship in metropolitan Sao Paulo, BrazilWomen in Management Review, 15
J. Sparrow (1999)
Using qualitative research to establish SME support needsQualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 2
Jennifer Cliff (1998)
Does one size fit all? exploring the relationship between attitudes towards growth, gender, and business sizeJournal of Business Venturing, 13
Philippa Ward, F. Sturrock (1998)
“She knows what she wants…”: towards a female consumption risk‐reducing strategy frameworkMarketing Intelligence & Planning, 16
Elisabet Ljunggren, L. Kolvereid (1996)
New business formation: does gender make a difference?Women in Management Review, 11
Rosemary Athayde (1999)
Testing enterprise tendency in women business owners
Murray Low, I. MacMillan (1988)
Entrepreneurship: Past Research and Future ChallengesJournal of Management, 14
V. Mitchell (1995)
Organizational Risk Perception and Reduction: A Literature ReviewBritish Journal of Management, 6
N. Churchill, W. Bygrave (1989)
The Entrepreneur ship Paradigm (I): A Philosophical Look at Its Research MethodologiesEntrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 14
T. Baker, H. Aldrich, L. Nina (1997)
Invisible entrepreneurs:the neglect of women business owners by mass media and scholarly journals in the USAEntrepreneurship and Regional Development, 9
P. Slovic (1972)
Information processing, situation specificity, and the generality of risk-taking behaviorJournal of Personality and Social Psychology, 22
Breda McCarthy (2000)
The cult of risk taking and social learning: a study of Irish entrepreneursManagement Decision, 38
D. Jackson, Larry Hourany, N. Vidmar (1972)
A four-dimensional interpretation of risk taking.Journal of personality, 40 3
H. Lee-Gosselin, J. Grise (1990)
Are women owner-managers challenging our definitions of entrepreneurship? An in-depth surveyJournal of Business Ethics, 9
R. Brockhaus (1980)
Risk Taking Propensity of EntrepreneursAcademy of Management Journal, 23
K. Mirchandani (1999)
Feminist Insight on Gendered Work: New Directions in Research on Women and EntrepreneurshipGender, Work and Organization, 6
E. Buttner, B. Rosen (1988)
Bank Loan Officers' Perceptions of the Characteristics of Men, Women and Successful Entrepreneurs.Journal of Business Venturing, 3
R. Goffee, R. Scase (1985)
Women in charge: The experiences of female entrepreneurs
Lowell Busenitz (1999)
Entrepreneurial Risk and Strategic Decision MakingThe Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 35
L. Palich, D. Bagby (1995)
Using Cognitive Theory to Explain Entrepreneurial Risk-Taking: Challenging Conventional WisdomJournal of Business Venturing, 10
Robert Meier, R. Masters (1988)
Sex Differences and Risk-Taking Propensity of EntrepreneursJournal of Small Business Management, 26
Patricia Smith, S. Smits, F. Hoy (1992)
Female business owners in industries traditionally dominated by malesSex Roles, 26
R. Amit, E. Muller, I. Cockburn (1995)
Opportunity costs and entrepreneurial activityJournal of Business Venturing, 10
D. Mcclelland (1987)
Characteristics of Successful EntrepreneursJournal of Creative Behavior, 21
S. Birley, P. Westhead (1994)
A taxonomy of business start-up reasons and their impact on firm growth and sizeJournal of Business Venturing, 9
Z. Shapira (1995)
Risk Taking: A Managerial Perspective
R. Osborne (1995)
The essence of entrepreneurial successManagement Decision, 33
Richard Cuba, D. Decenzo, A. Anish (1983)
Management Practices of Successful Female Business OwnersEntrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 8
A. Bruce, Johnnie Johnson (1994)
Male and female betting behaviour: New perspectivesJournal of Gambling Studies, 10
D. Sexton, Nancy Bowman-Upton (1990)
Female and male entrepreneurs: Psychological characteristics and their role in gender-related discriminationJournal of Business Venturing, 5
Purpose – This paper provides a comprehensive summary of the academic literature with regard to risk and its role in the entrepreneurial experience of women. Entrepreneurial risk has an under‐developed conceptual basis and distilling gender‐specific aspects is difficult. Various academic disciplines have contributed to the topic of risk, e.g. economics, and often decision making is used to contextualise the topic. Though the literature does not always prove an association between the different facets of risk and entrepreneurship, there is general agreement that a number of factors, e.g. personal, political and social inter‐relate to influence risk and subsequent behaviour. Design/methodology/approach – Uses a desk‐based approach to data collection. An overview of the main issues concerning risk and entrepreneurship is given to contexualise the gender aspects to be discussed, drawing on the extant literature. Findings – The paper posits that an understanding of the gender aspects of risk is required if policy measures are to be constructive and help women overcome barriers and achieve their entrepreneurial potential. The conclusions drawn from the literature provide the foundations for a discussion of the likely policy measures that are required to encourage women entrepreneurs. Research limitations/implications – A summary is provided of the research and information gaps that remain in terms of women entrepreneurship and risk with the aim of encouraging further research in the area. Originality/value – Provides a comprehensive summary of the literature with regard to risk and the entrepreneurial experience of women, and discusses the likely policy measures required to encourage women entrepreneurs.
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research – Emerald Publishing
Published: Apr 1, 2005
Keywords: Women; Entrepreneurialism; Risk management; Sex and gender issues
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.