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simulation for the polarized radiative transfer is detailed: it employs an electric field vector formalism to enable a breadth of utility in relating linear, circular, and elliptical polarizations ...
solutions of the radiative transfer equation that the apparent size of the model maser cloud decreases as expected with optical depth as viewed by a distant observer. Simulations of rotation of the cloud ...
of log10(M*/M⊙) ≈ 9.8–11.3 galaxies at |$z$| ≈ 0.05. Most of our synthetic images were created with the skirt radiative transfer code, including the effects of dust attenuation and scattering, and performing ...
it using the radiation number–energy–momentum conservation equations in order to track photon hardening. We perform various simulations to study how these extensions affect the radiative properties ...
. The cloud properties are constant in time. The prominence was sampled by dividing its area into a grid with nϕ positions in latitude and nξ positions in longitude, making a total of nϕ × nξ cells. For every ...
mechanism is observed. We estimate that the 67P surface is dominated by opaque, desiccated and larger-than-wavelength irregular grains. Veins and bright spots display photometric properties consistent ...
. Stomatal closure in response to elevated CO2 is a water-conserving mechanism that reduces transpiration but, as a consequence, increases canopy temperature. This physiological forcing adds to the radiative ...
subgiant component of the RS CVn binary II Peg, blue-shifted H α emission is caused by warm spots rotating on to the visible hemisphere (Strassmeier, Carroll & Ilyin 2019). In fast rotating stars, stellar ...
, the so-called nickel bubbles, to compute the total dust mass and molecular-species-specific grain size distribution. The total mass varies between |$0.41$| and |$0.73\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$|, depending ...
; Sedaghati et al. 2017). This makes TiO an important probe of the physics that govern these types astronomical objects, e.g. temperature, radiative properties , and chemistry. However, being able to accurately ...
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