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of import restriction, say a tariff, which increases prices and thus yields added producer surplus and a reduction in consumer welfare. Yet, since efficiency can only be measured relative to preferences,71 ...
Abstract The present contribution reacts to concerns about the legitimacy of supra- and international public authority by introducing the idea of relative authority. It argues that public authority ...
and the relative value scales based on it are able to measure much of what the individual physician does for the individual patient,11 thereby permitting a piece-rate payment method in a highly complex occupational ...
on the APfm, non-separable non-parametric quantile regression is used to estimate these effects for two different levels – 90 per cent and 10 per cent relative technical efficiency . These quantiles are chosen ...
. 4b). The yield potential of 20 kg ha−1 mm−1 of growing-season rainfall (i.e. the rainfall-use efficiency ) has provided a useful yardstick for farmers to compare the on-farm performance of their wheat ...
% in 2019 [10]. Revealing that China’s exports have profited from the reduction of trade barriers such as tariffs, quantitative limitations, and other non-tariff trade measures have decreased [11, 12]. Table ...
describe the results of four steps we took to develop and evaluate measures of functional status in the context of a prospective cohort study of older adults in Eastern China [15] and two ongoing influenza ...
adequate generality in the population studied. Outcome Define the outcome of interest. Specify procedures for ascertaining and measuring the outcome. Ensure prospective specimen collection before outcome ...
directed to disadvantaged populations (Andrews and Entwistle 2010). On the other hand, efficiency , while relatively straightforward to conceptualize and measure , has not received as close attention ...
, that these numbers relate to rRNA quality and cannot be expected to be an absolute measure of quality. Use of a 3′:5′ assay requires that the PCR efficiencies of both assays be virtually identical(51 ...
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