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on predicted quantitative and qualitative values of forest stands (Sun et al., 2007; Thakur et al., 2019). The volume increment of individual trees can be influenced by both internal and external factors (Wang ...
recruitment of trees into the overstory and producing merchantable timber. Many silvicultural concepts, principles, and methods for managing forests can also be used for managing woodlands and savannas. However ...
externa), beech bark disease, and beech leaf disease (Danoff-Burg and Bird 2002; Small et al. 2005, Morin and Liebhold 2015, Crocker et al. 2017, Carta et al. 2020). The plethora of dead and dying trees ...
investments based on ecological information that can be coupled with social and economic criteria. Nearly half the forestland across the northern US (defined in Figure 1) is at least 75 years old (Miles 2018 ...
there are large areas with fully completely dead ash trees , and its presence in Ukraine has recently been confirmed (Drogvalenko et al., 2019). Earlier calculations by Orlova-Bienkowskaja and Bienkowski (2018) had ...
at Tree Physiology Online). In the outermost segment (0–0.5 cm) of both organs, sugars were very young ( ...
of the bole—both portions that can be defective yet ignored while grading if other portions of the tree stem are of a higher quality. Thus, grade only declined for trees that had excessive cull because of fire ...
males can mate with several females during their adulthood (Beardsley and Gonzalez 1975, Kosztarab 1987). Active dispersal of gloomy scale crawlers is mostly contained to the host tree where they are born ...
that left hundreds of thousands of hectares of standing dead conifer trees .6 Without management, many of these clearcut stands regenerated to overstories dominated by shade-intolerant hardwood species ...
and 2 × 3 used as live (+4 °C) and dead (−80 °C) controls. Each box contained eight branchlets (n = 8 trees ), and we had three replicate boxes for each target temperature. The freezer (ultra-low ...
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