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Abstract
1 Introduction</h5> Mast cells are thought to play a pivotal role in allergy and other inflammatory diseases. While IgE is thought to have a central role in mast cell activation by cross-linking of the high affinity FcεRI ( Okayama et al., 2008 ), also non-IgE mediated mast cell activation may be of importance in the pathophysiology of various inflammatory conditions.</P>Mast cells are located in close contact with external environment, where they can recognize and be activated by invasive pathogens through complement- and pattern recognition receptor (PRR)-dependent pathways ( Marshall, 2004 ). They are also located close to sensory nerve endings, where they are triggered by a pleotropic variety of neuropeptides, such as substance P, corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) and neurotrophins, suggesting that mast cells are involved in neuro-inflammatory diseases ( Kulka et al., 2008 ). Moreover, mast cells can respond to various inflammatory products, such as IgG, cytokines, chemokines, adenosine, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), indicating the potential importance of mast cell activation in the initiation and propagation of inflammation in chronic inflammatory diseases. Apart from these endogenous stimuli, some exogenous molecules can also directly activate mast cells, causing drug side-effects or exacerbating allergic conditions in individuals. In
Journal
European Journal of Pharmacology – Elsevier
Published: May 5, 2016
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References
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Nerve growth factor-beta induces mast-cell marker expression during in vitro culture of human umbilical cord blood cellsWelker, P.; Grabbe, J.; Gibbs, B.; Zuberbier, T.; Henz, B.M.
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IL-9 increases the expression of several cytokines in activated mast cells, while the IL-9-induced IL-9 production is inhibited in mast cells of histamine-free transgenic miceWiener, Z.; Falus, A.; Toth, S.
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C5a stimulates production of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in human mast cells and basophilsWojta, J.; Kaun, C.; Zorn, G.; Ghannadan, M.; Hauswirth, A.W.; Sperr, W.R.; Fritsch, G.; Printz, D.; Binder, B.R.; Schatzl, G.; Zwirner, J.; Maurer, G.; Huber, K.; Valent, P.
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Activation of human mast cells by aggregated IgG through FcgammaRI: additive effects of C3aWoolhiser, M.R.; Brockow, K.; Metcalfe, D.D.
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IgG-dependent activation of human mast cells following up-regulation of FcgammaRI by IFN-gammaWoolhiser, M.R.; Okayama, Y.; Gilfillan, A.M.; Metcalfe, D.D.
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Effect of recombinant human IL-4 on tryptase, chymase, and Fc epsilon receptor type I expression in recombinant human stem cell factor-dependent fetal liver-derived human mast cellsXia, H.Z.; Du, Z.; Craig, S.; Klisch, G.; Noben-Trauth, N.; Kochan, J.P.; Huff, T.H.; Irani, A.M.; Schwartz, L.B.
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IL-33 exacerbates antigen-induced arthritis by activating mast cellsXu, D.; Jiang, H.R.; Kewin, P.; Li, Y.; Mu, R.; Fraser, A.R.; Pitman, N.; Kurowska-Stolarska, M.; McKenzie, A.N.; McInnes, I.B.; Liew, F.Y.
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