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that prolactin values after hatching were reduced in males , but not in females , and that males with reduced prolactin values exhibited lower nest attendance. Likewise, male and female Black-legged Kittiwakes ...
by males . However, because males with early- hatching clutches did not show a reduced adrenocortical response, it seems less likely that cues from the female are directly responsible for the reduction. While ...
of parental care , 43 (69%) deserted their late-season nestlings and fledglings, leaving the mate to provide all remaining parental care . Because females initiate rectrix molt significantly later than males ...
between female morphs and higher than those exhibited by either male morph. We found that, in males , the more parental morph (tan-striped) expressed a reduced adrenocortical response during the nestling ...
was significantly reduced in male smokers, although fertilization rate was unaffected (66 vs 62%, P ...
bluebirds (Sialia sialis) nesting in noisy areas also had reduced reproductive success, with lower hatching rates and fledging success than their conspecifics at quieter sites (Kight et al., 2012). House ...
of male parental care in 25 avian species across 9 orders (Schradin and Anzenberger 1999). Prolactin is often positively correlated with parental behaviors such as incubation, brooding, and feeding ...
Care and Fledglings' Foraging for Themselves We never observed parents behaving aggressively toward fledglings before independence nor parents feeding their fledgling away from the nest. During the post ...
, the dark-eyed junco (Junco hyemalis). We found that females with higher levels of GnRH-induced E2 departed from their nest in the morning significantly earlier than females with lower stimulated levels. We ...
reproductive success of the recruits varied strongly with the age of their male and female parents , peaking at parental ages of 10–11 yr and declining by about 50% by parental age 16 yr. They concluded ...
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