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the impacts of high- velocity non - Darcy flow on the production performance and BHP response , respectively. The flow at high velocity seriously deviates from Darcy’s law, which leads to a higher pressure gradient ...
rock. Due to gas flow and subsequent volume changes the dynamic effective bulk modulus is affected, resulting in velocity and attenuation being a complex function of frequency. White et al (1975) further ...
is the gas density (kg m-3); qg is the flow rate of source/sink (kg (m3 s)-1). Due to the effect of gas diffusion, the revised velocity in the shale gas reservoir can be expressed as v=(Dkp+k0μg)dpdx2 where Dk ...
flow -through experiments are challenging as this requires the precise detection of very small outflow rates over a long time. Therefore, low -permeable media are often investigated using transient ( non ...
from evaporating. In addition to these precautions, the shale specimen used for the deformation experiment in the triaxial cell was saturated under low effective pressure with a synthetic brine (35 000 ...
. In contrast, in the low frequency limit, fluid has the time to flow until pore pressure is equilibrated (uniform) at all scales. Between these two limiting situations several attenuation/dispersion mechanisms ...
a CO2 plume is blocked by impermeable barrier layers (e.g. low permeability shale caprock) and captured by structural traps. It is also the dominant sequestration mechanism during the early stages ...
a pressure perturbation appear similar to those of the response by rate-and-state frictional healing upon stress/ velocity perturbations. Dynamic permeability increase scales with the pore pressure magnitude ...
saturation, with the pore fluids consisting of water and gas. At the low -frequency range, the pressures within different fluids are uniform, and the effective modulus of the pore fluids is given by Wood's law ...
be approximately considered as functions of the effective pressure (also called differential pressure ) P = Pc - Pp. Under non -hydrostatic conditions, the confining pressure Pc is equal to the arithmetic average ...
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