A review of cavity-based trapped vortex, ultra-compact, high-g, inter-turbine combustors

A review of cavity-based trapped vortex, ultra-compact, high-g, inter-turbine combustors Trapped vortex combustor (TVC) is different from conventional swirl-stabilized combustors. It takes advantages of a cavity to stabilize the flame. When the cavity size of a TVC is well designed, a large rotating vortex can be formed in the cavity. The vortex cannot shed out the cavity and is thus named a “locked” or “stable” vortex. One of the main challenges for TVC design is fuel injection. Typically, fuel can be injected directly into the cavity or from the diffuser upstream. Injecting from the diffuser leads to the fuel being mixed with the air before it enters the combustor. When the fuel is injected directly into the cavity, it is desirable to supply the fuel in such way that the locked vortex in the cavity is reinforced. Furthermore, the fuel-air mixing in the cavity will be promoted, as the bypass air is directly added into the cavity. Since the recirculation zone anchored in the cavity is not exposed to the main incoming flow, stable combustion is achieved, even in the presence of a high speed main flow as typically expected in Ramjets and Scramjets. A well-designed trapped vortex combustor (TVC) enables a better fuel-air mixing, a better stabilized flame, lower emission, ultra-compact and high efficient combustion to be achievable. As a promising combustion concept, intensive scientific research has been conducted on TVC in the application areas of aerospace propulsion, power generation and waste incineration. In this work, we will firstly introduce the fundamental concepts, the development and evolution history of TVCs. The combustion, aerodynamics, and aeroacoustics features of trapped vortex combustion are then described. This includes reviewing and discussing the cavity flow/aerodynamics, fuel-air injection and mixing, trapped vortex combustion, emission and combustion of alternative fuels, and aeroacoustics characteristics. The ‘spin-off’ application of trapped vortex combustion concept for the design of ultra-compact and high-g combustors, inter-turbine burners, in-Situ and flameless TVC reheat combustors are then reviewed and discussed. Various practical applications of trapped vortex combustion concept in gas turbines, ramjets, scramjets and waste incinerators are discussed and summarized. Finally, the challenges and future directions of the design and implementation of TVCs are provided. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Progress in Energy and Combustion Science Elsevier

A review of cavity-based trapped vortex, ultra-compact, high-g, inter-turbine combustors

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Elsevier
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Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd
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0360-1285
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10.1016/j.pecs.2017.12.001
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Abstract

Trapped vortex combustor (TVC) is different from conventional swirl-stabilized combustors. It takes advantages of a cavity to stabilize the flame. When the cavity size of a TVC is well designed, a large rotating vortex can be formed in the cavity. The vortex cannot shed out the cavity and is thus named a “locked” or “stable” vortex. One of the main challenges for TVC design is fuel injection. Typically, fuel can be injected directly into the cavity or from the diffuser upstream. Injecting from the diffuser leads to the fuel being mixed with the air before it enters the combustor. When the fuel is injected directly into the cavity, it is desirable to supply the fuel in such way that the locked vortex in the cavity is reinforced. Furthermore, the fuel-air mixing in the cavity will be promoted, as the bypass air is directly added into the cavity. Since the recirculation zone anchored in the cavity is not exposed to the main incoming flow, stable combustion is achieved, even in the presence of a high speed main flow as typically expected in Ramjets and Scramjets. A well-designed trapped vortex combustor (TVC) enables a better fuel-air mixing, a better stabilized flame, lower emission, ultra-compact and high efficient combustion to be achievable. As a promising combustion concept, intensive scientific research has been conducted on TVC in the application areas of aerospace propulsion, power generation and waste incineration. In this work, we will firstly introduce the fundamental concepts, the development and evolution history of TVCs. The combustion, aerodynamics, and aeroacoustics features of trapped vortex combustion are then described. This includes reviewing and discussing the cavity flow/aerodynamics, fuel-air injection and mixing, trapped vortex combustion, emission and combustion of alternative fuels, and aeroacoustics characteristics. The ‘spin-off’ application of trapped vortex combustion concept for the design of ultra-compact and high-g combustors, inter-turbine burners, in-Situ and flameless TVC reheat combustors are then reviewed and discussed. Various practical applications of trapped vortex combustion concept in gas turbines, ramjets, scramjets and waste incinerators are discussed and summarized. Finally, the challenges and future directions of the design and implementation of TVCs are provided.

Journal

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science – Elsevier

Published: May 1, 2018

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    Zhang, T.; Wang, J.; Qi, L.; Fan, X.; Zhang, P.
  • Flameholding in converging and turning channels over cavities with periodic port injection
    Colcord, B.J.; Sirignano, W.A.; Liu, F.
  • Flameholding in converging and turning channels over cavities with slot injection
    Colcord, B.J.; Sirignano, W.A.; Liu, F.
  • Gas turbine reheat using in-situ combustion
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  • The influence of in-situ reheat on turbine-combustor performance
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  • Flamelss oxidation to reduce thermal NO-formation
    Wuning, J.A.; Wuning, J.G.
  • The science and technology of combustion in highly preheated air
    Katsuki, M.; Hasegawa, T.
  • High temperature air combustion: from energy conversion to pollution reduction
    Tsuji, H.; Gupta, A.K.; Hasegawa, T.; Katsuki, M.; Kishimoto, K.; Morita, M.
  • Effect of fuel mixture on moderate and intense low oxygen dilution combustion
    Dally, B.; Riesmeier, E.; Peters, N.
  • Mild combustion
    Cavaliere, A.; Joannon, M.D.
  • New combustion systems for gas turbines
    Flamme, M.
  • Flame stabilization on bluff bodies at low and intermediate Reynolds numbers
    Zukoski, E.; Thesis, P.
  • Recent studies on flame stabilization of premixed turbulent gases
    Penner, S.S.; Williams, F.
  • Flame stabilization by baffles in a high velocity gas stream
    Longwell, J.P.; Chenevey, J.E.; Clark, W.W.; Frost, E.E.
  • Theoretical and experimental study in stability of the Barchan dune vortex flame
    Gao, G.; Ning, H.
  • Large-eddy simulation of turbulent mixing of a jet in cross-flow
    Esmaeili, M.; Afshari, A.; Jaberi, F.A.
  • Investigating the supersonic combustion efficiency for the jet-in-cross-flow
    Tahsini, A.M.; Mousavi, S.T.
  • Flow topologies and turbulence scales in a jet-in-cross-flow
    Ruiz, A.M.; Lacaze, G.; Oefelein, J.C.
  • Future direction of supersonic combustion research, air force/NASA workshop on supersonic combustion
    Tishkoff, J.M.; Drummond, J.P.; Edwards, T.; Nejad, A.S.
  • Future flight test plans of an axisymmetric hydrogen-fueled scramjet engine on the hypersonic flying laboratory
    Roudakov, A.; Semenov, V.; Kopehenov, V.; Hick, J.W.
  • Experimental investigation of Kerosene fuel combustion in supersonic flow
    Vinagradov, V.; Kobigsky, S.A.; Petrov, M.D.
  • Flame-holding configurations for Kerosene combustion in a Mach 1.8 air flow
    Owens, M.G.; Tehranian, S.; Segal, C.; Vinogradov, V.
  • Flame characteristics in supersonic combustor with hydrogen injection upstream of cavity flame-holder
    Sun, M.B.; Wang, Z.G.; Liang, J.H.; Geng, H.
  • Passive control of pressure oscillation in hypersonic cavity flow
    Peng, S.W.; Dolling, D.S.
  • The effects of trailing edge geometry on cavity flow oscillation driven by a supersonic shear layer
    Zhang, X.; Rona, A.; Edwards, J.A.
  • Investigation of supersonic combustion with angled injection in a cavity-based combustor
    Jeong, E.; O'Byrne, S.; Jeung, I.; Houwing, A.F.P.
  • Effects of multi-office configurations of the quench plate on mixing characteristics of the quench zone in an RQL-TVC model
    Jiang, B.; Jin, Y.; Liu, D.; Wu, Z.; Ding, G.; Zhu, Z.; He, X.
  • Compact waste incinerator based on vortex combustion
    Gutmark, E.J.; Park, T.P.; Wilson, K.J.; Yu, K.H.; Smith, R.A.; Hanson-parr, D.M.; Schadow, K.C.
  • Development of a two-dimensional dump combustor for the incineration of hazardous wastes
    Marchant, R.; Hepler, W.; Smith, O.I.; Willis, J.; Cadou, C.; Logan, P.; Karagozian, A.R.
  • Incineration of surrogate wastes in a low speed dump combustor
    Smith, O.I.; Marchant, R.; Willis, J.; Lee, L.M.; Logan, P.; Karagozian, A.R.
  • Desctruction of liquid and gaseous waste surrogates in an acoustically excited dump combustor
    Willis, J.W.; Cadou, C.; Mitchell, M.; Karagozian, A.R.; Smith, O.I.
  • Supersonic combustion experiments with a cavity-based fuel injector
    Mathur, T.; Gruber, M.; Jackson, K.; Donbar, J.; Donaldson, W.; Jackson, T.; Billig, F.
  • Tone noise and nearfield pressure produced by jet-cavity interaction
    Raman, G.; Envia, E.; Bencic, T.J.
  • Numerical investigation of the flow and flame structure in an axisymmetric trapped vortex combustor
    Ezhil Kumar, P.K.; Mishra, D.P.
  • Numerical simulations of trapped vortex combustors. Feasibility study of TVC integration in traditional GT combustion chambers
    Losurdo, M.; Bruno, C.; Patrignani, L.
  • Fifty years down-fifty years to go
    Maclin, H.; Haubert, C.
  • Numerical study of flame/vortex interactions in 2-D trapped vortex combustor
    Mishra, D.P.; Sudharshan, R.; Ezhil Kumar, P.K.
  • Experimental investigation on a single-cavity trapped vortex combustor
    Wu, Z.; He, X.; Jiang, B.; Jin, Y.
  • Experimental investigation of a single trapped-vortex combustor with a slight temperature raise
    Xing, F.; Zhang, S.; Wang, P.; Fan, W.
  • A comparative study between combustion performances of turbine inter-guide-vane burner and trapped vortex combustor
    Zheng, H.; Tang, H.; Xu, X.; Li, M.
  • Experimental investigations on combustion characteristics of a cavity pilot augmentor of the turbine-based combined cycle engine
    Zhu, Z.; He, X.; Xue, C.; Hong, L.; Zhu, Y.; Song, Y.
  • High frequency pulsed injection into a supersonic duct flow
    Cutler, A.D.; Harding, G.C.; Diskin, G.S.
  • Determination of criteria for flame stability in an annular trapped vortex combustor
    Xavier, P.; Pires, M.; Vandel, A.; Renou, B.; Grisch, F.; Cabot, G.; Boukhalfa, M.A.; Cazalens, M.
  • The unsteady turbulence flow of cold and combustion case in different trapped vortex combustor
    Zeng, Z.; Ren, J.; Liu, X.; Xu, Z.
  • Structural design and performance experiment of a single vortex combustor with single-cavity and air blast atomizers
    Zhang, R.; Fan, W.; Shi, Q.; Tan, W.
  • Experimental study of slight temperature rise combustion in trapped vortex combustors for gas turbines
    Zhang, R.C.; Fan, W.J.; Xing, F.; Song, S.W.; Shi, Q.; Tian, G.H.; Tan, W.L.
  • Experimental and numerical studies in a compact trapped vortex combustor stability assessment and augmentation
    Agarwal, K.K.; Ravikrishna, R.V.
  • Single cavity trapped vortex combustor dynamics- part-1: experiments
    Singhal, A.; Ravikrishna, R.V.
  • Single cavity trapped vortex combustor dynamics- part-1: simulations
    Singhal, A.; Ravikrishna, R.V.
  • Impact of interaction between cavity flow and mainstream on the performance of a model trapped vortex combustor
    Wu, X.; He, X.; Jin, Y.; Song, Y.; Zhu, Y.
  • From ignition to stable combustion in a cavity flame-holder studied via 3D tomographic chemiluminescence at 20 kHz
    Ma, L.; Lei, Q.; Wu, Y.; Xu, W.; Ombrello, T.M.; Carter, C.D.
  • Numerical investigation of a trapped vortex miniature Ramjet combustor
    Chen, S.; Chue, R.S.M.; Yu, S.C.M.; Schlüter, J.U.
  • Fuel injector Reynolds number effects on performance and emissions of a trapped vortex combustor
    Zbeeb, K.

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