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The mechanisms behind stomatal movements have been studied for well over a century, and the literature on the subject now contributes to many central areas of plant science------e.g. photobiology, ionic relations of cells, and hor monal mechanisms. A recent book (113) dealt with many of these subjects in detail, and we do not attempt here to cover the same ground again. Instead we emphasize two topics that have assumed importance only after new discover ies in the last five years-i.e. the regulation of guard cell turgor by calcium, and the heterogeneity of stomatal aperture over the leaf surface. We also review the responses of stomata to CO2 because this is an area where progress 1040-251919010601-0055$02.00 MANSFIELD ET AL assess the impact of increasing global CO2 concentrations on land plants. has been been slow and where much more research will be needed if we are to THE ROLE OF CALCIUM IONS IN GUARD CELL PHYSIOLOGY aperture of the stomatal pore (48). The addition of calcium salts to the medium in which isolated epidermis is incubated can stimulate stomatal closure and inhibit opening in Commelina communis (23, , 39, 50, 60, 108) and tobacco (102). Although initial studies ( 36,
Annual Review of Plant Biology – Annual Reviews
Published: Jun 1, 1990
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